Water for people.pdf - WHO Thailand Digital Repository

P R O T E C T I N G E C O S Y S T E M S F O R P E O P L E A N D P L A N E T / 1 5 3Progress since Rio at a glanceAgreed actionProgress since RioManage freshwater in a holistic manner, based on catchments and a balance of the needs of people and environmentAdopt preventative approach to halt environmental degradationEvaluate the consequences that various users of water have on the environment, support measures controllingwater-related diseases and protect ecosystemsDevelop outlines for protection, conservation and rational useEffectively prevent and control pollutionEstablish international water quality programmes and criteriaReduce prevalence of water-associated diseasesEradicate dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) and onchocerciasis by 2000Adopt an integrated approach to environmentally sustainable water and ecosystem managementUnsatisfactory Moderate SatisfactoryReferencesAbramovitz, J.-N. 1996. Imperiled Waters, Impoverished Future: The Decline ofFreshwater Ecosystems. Washington DC, Worldwatch Paper No. 128.Anon. 2000. Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23October 2000, establishing a framework for Community action in the field of waterpolicy. Official Journal of the European Commission, L 327/1-72.Barbier, E.-B.; Adams, W.-M.; Kimmage, E. 1991. Economic Valuation of WetlandBenefits: The Hadejia-Jama’are Floodplain, Nigeria. LEEC Discussion Paper,International Institute for Environment and Development.Barbour, M.-T.; Gerritsen, J.; Snyder, B.-D.; Stribling, J.-B. 1999. Rapid BioassessmentProtocols for Use in Streams and Wadeable Rivers: Periphyton, BenthicMacroinvertebrates, and Fish. Washington DC, Environmental Protection Agency.Bogan, A.-E.; Pierson, J.-M.; Hartfield, P. 1995. ‘Decline in the Freshwater Gastropod Fauna inthe Mobile Bay Basin’. In: E.T. LaRoe, G.S. Farris, C.E. Puckett, P.D. Doran and M.J. Mac(eds.), Our Living Resources: A Report to the Nation on the Distribution, Abundance,and Health of U.S. Plants, Animals, and Ecosystems. Washington, DC, U.S. Departmentof the Interior, National Biological Service.Brink, B.-J.-E.; Hosper, H.; Colijn, F. 1991. ‘A Quantitative Method for Description andAssessment of Ecosystems: The AMOEBA-Approach’. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Vol.3, pp. 65–70.CBD (Convention on Biological Diversity). 2001. Global Biodiversity Outlook. Montreal.Cosgrove, B. and Rijsberman, F.-R. 2000. World Water Vision: Making WaterEverybody’s Business. London, World Water Council, Earthscan Publications Ltd.CSD (Commission on Sustainable Development). 1997. Overall Progress Achieved since theUnited Nations Conference on Environment and Development. Addendum. Protectionof the Quality and Supply of Freshwater Resources: Application of IntegratedApproaches to the Development, Management and Use of Water Resources (Chapter18 of Agenda 21). UN E/CN.17/1997/2/Add.17.CSE (Centre for Science and Environment). 1999. The Citizen’s Fifth Report. Delhi.Declaration of Alma Ata. 1978. Official Outcome of the International Conference onPrimary Health Care, 6–12 September 1978. Alma Ata.Doyle, M.-W; Stanley, E.-H.; Luebke, M.-A.; Harbor, J.-M. 2000. Dam Removal: Physical,Biological, and Societal Considerations. American Society of Civil Engineers JointConference on Water Resources Engineering and Water Resources Planning andManagement. Minneapolis.Duker, L. and Borre, L. 2001. Biodiversity Conservation of the World’s Lakes: APreliminary Framework for Identifying Priorities. LakeNet Report Series No. 2.Annapolis, Monitor International.EEC (European Economic Community). 2000. Framework Directive in the Field of WaterPolicy (Water Framework). Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and ofthe Council of 23 October 2000, establishing a framework for community action inthe field of water policy [Official Journal L 327, 22.12.2001].Environmental Protection Agency Act. 1994.Environment Agency, UK. 2002. River and Estuaries – a Decade of Improvements.