Water for people.pdf - WHO Thailand Digital Repository

566 / A N N E X E SIndexin rivers 83–5, 90, 91, 92use by humans 10, 134rural areasenergy use 250, 252, 254sanitation coverage 110, 111water supply coverage 110, 111water valuation 326rural populationdistribution between more- andless-developed regions 161growth 14Russian Federationbasin-level approach to watermanagement 376cities 162, 164, 165earthquake 276food supply indicators 198industrial water efficiency 236lakes and reservoirs 82, 83, 83land area 70national reports 517population 70, 236progress on Agenda 21 523progress towards Goals 530seasonality of runoff 84water availability per person 70water governance 375, 376, 411,412water prices 412water quality indicator 140see also Lake Peipsi/Chudskoe-PskovskoeRwandafood supply indicators 198industrial water efficiency 236land area 74national reports 517population 74, 236progress on Agenda 21 521progress towards Goals 533water availability per person 74water quality indicator 140Ssafe-fail systems, for risk management278Sahara Desert 77Sahel desert, droughts 76Saigon (Viet Nam) see Ho Chi MinhCitySaigon River basin (South-East Asia)307Saint Helena, food supply indicators199Saint Kitts and Nevisfood supply indicators 199land area 74national reports 517population 74progress on Agenda 21 524progress towards Goals 529water availability per person 74Saint Lawrence River basin (NorthAmerica) 91, 311Saint Luciafood supply indicators 199national reports 517progress on Agenda 21 524progress towards Goals 530tourism 16Saint Vincent and the Grenadinesfood supply indicators 199national reports 517progress on Agenda 21 524progress towards Goals 531salinizationeffects 86, 87, 201in irrigation schemes 219salmonellosis 102Salween River basin (Asia) 307, 320Samoafood supply indicators 198national reports 517progress on Agenda 21 522progress towards Goals 531San Francisco River (Latin America) 91San Marinonational reports 517progress on Agenda 21 523progress towards Goals 533San people (southern Africa) 353, 354sanitationactual and target coverage 111basic/household 112contamination due to lack ofadequate 103improved compared with nonimproved113regional data 170meaning of term 113Millennium Development Goal on110, 111, 294, 301, 508financing of achievement334–5, 339national progress towards529–34regional progress towards526–7, 526monitoring of coverage 112–15regional data on access 109, 110,509–10, 511, 512, 513relationship to health 6, 105–6, 112sustainability 112technological options 181, 340see also access to water supplyand sanitationsanitation ‘gap’ 111, 173sanitation provisionin cities 111, 172–4, 509, 510,511, 512, 513public health issues 173toilet use 172–3and hygiene behaviour 174safe and convenient 172sanitation provision standards 166–8Santiago (Chile) 162, 174Sao Paulo (Brazil) 160, 162Sao Tome and Principefood supply indicators 198land area 71national reports 517population 71progress on Agenda 21 521progress towards Goals 531water availability per person 71Saudi Arabiacities 162, 164desalination plants 89, 298environmental education activities146food supply indicators 198land area 74national reports 517population 74progress on Agenda 21 525progress towards Goals 530sharing of water resources 298water availability per person 74water-pricing policy 149water quality indicator 140scabies 103, 169scale effectscoupling of global–regional–localscale 58for indicators 51–4in modelling 75schistosomiasis 103, 106, 107–8,459–60control measures 105, 117deaths due to 104global burden of disease due to107, 510and irrigation schemes 219, 460medical treatment of 108scientific knowledge, production anduse of 359–60scientific publications 360scoping (in EIA), meaning of term491n(7)screening (in EIA), meaning of term491n(7)sea level rise, effects 76seashores, pollution of 176, 436Second World Water Forum (TheHague, 2000) 19, 27, 301, 328,340–1, 348, 362security enhancementfor poverty alleviation 506see also food security; watersecuritysediment discharge, number ofmonitoring stations 68, 356sediment loadingeffects of decrease/increase 86, 87global patterns 88listed for various rivers 85Seine-Normandy basin (France)429–46agriculture 432, 437pollution-preventive measures441Basin Committee 439biodiversity 434climate 432cost recovery system 439–40data availability 434–5decentralized water managementroles 438–9decontamination projects 441drinking water supply 436economic activities 432economics 439–40indicators 443ecosystem protection 441–2indicators 444finances 439–40flooding in 433geology 432groundwater, indicators 444health aspects 436indicators 444human impacts on water resources433hydrological characteristics 432indicators used 443–5industrial use of water 240, 437–8indicators 444institutions covering 339, 352irrigated land 437knowledge sharing 435indicators 445landfill sites 436location 432, 432management challenges 438–42map of basin 433Master Plan for WaterManagement 438indicators 443