Water for people.pdf - WHO Thailand Digital Repository

S E I N E - N O R M A N D Y B A S I N , F R A N C E / 4 4 3Box 19.1: Development of indicatorsSince the Seine-Normandy SDAGE was implemented, an operating report has been published each year. Progress towards reaching the objectivesset by the Basin Committee can thus be monitored. Monitoring is done with indicators that are well suited to the specific context of the basinand focus on Water Agency activities.ThemeIndicatorsMANAGEMENT • Six indicators of river functionality (fishOF AQUATICpasses, financial aid for river maintenance)ENVIRONMENTS • Three indicators of wetlands preservation(surface areas drained, regulatoryprotective measures)• Two indicators of decreased dredging ofgravel• One indicator of runoff and erosion controlWATER QUALITY • Four indicators of general qualityMANAGEMENT (polluted sites, Seine river water quality)• Five indicators of municipal and industrialdischarge• Four indicators of decreased agriculturalpollution (demarcation of vulnerablezones, controlling effluents fromstockbreeding)• Two indicators of coastal pollution control• Two indicators of drinking water supply(water quality and well protection)• One indicator of pipes and major worksThemeIndicatorsCRISIS MANAGEMENT • Four indicators of extreme low water levelmanagement (expansion zones, warningzones, etc.)• Three indicators of flood control (riskprevention plans, improved forecasting)INTEGRATED • One indicator of SDAGE progressMANAGEMENT (local water development andmanagement plans)• Two indicators of contractsKNOW-HOW AND • Three indicators of knowledge developmentCOMMUNICATION (research programmes, inventories)• Three indicators of aquatic environmentmonitoring (measurement network, databases)STATE OF THE • Six maps that indicate the state of theENVIRONMENT aquatic environment: groundwater levels,physico-chemical quality of surface water,pesticide content in surface water, qualityof fish populations, quality of coastalwaters, maximum nitrate and pesticideconcentrations in groundwaterThese indicators have been sufficient for monitoring changes in the environment and the management system under the current SDAGE. The EUWFD objectives for achieving ‘good status’ and covering actual costs will undoubtedly require additional monitoring indicators.Within the framework of the World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP), the AESN recommends that the following indicators of theenvironment, governance and financial aspects also be taken into consideration.ThemeIndicatorsENVIRONMENT: • Maps made using a Quality EvaluationQUALITY (ADAPTABLE System, based, at least, on the followingTO GROUNDWATER, indicators: BOD5, NH4+, NO3-, P total,WATER BODIES AND suspended particulate matter, pH,COASTAL WATERS) conductivity, colour, thermotolerant/faecal coliform organisms, total chromium,mercury, lead, DDT op', DDT pp',lindane, endrine, dieldrine, aldrineENVIRONMENT: • Surface area and evolution: protectedWETLANDSwetlands and RAMSAR sites, basin wetlands,especially those in flood plains,drained areas.• Maps of urban areas and density ofindustrial fabric.• Changes in the pressures from intensivefarming, industry and urban developmentin the basin.ThemeIndicatorsECONOMY • Average price of drinking water/m 3 ,annual amount paid by inhabitants fordrinking water, proportion of the price ofwater used to protect the resource, thevalue of distribution and treatment facilityassets/household, funds earmarked forwater/GDP, volume consumed annually/inhabitant, annual water bill per household/annual income. Cost recovery index. Pricingof services and financial autonomy ofwater works budgets.GOVERNANCE • Decentralization, involvement of public inwater policy decisions, transparency,allocation of roles, openness to civil society,mobilization of know-how, sharing ofknowledge, management system evaluation,public-private partnership (equity andefficiency).