Honouring the Truth Reconciling for the Future

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230 • Truth & Reconciliation CommissionThe Commission is convinced that genuine reconciliation will not be possibleuntil the broad legacy of the schools is both understood and addressed. Governmentsin Canada spend billions of dollars each year in responding to the symptoms of theintergenerational trauma of residential schools. Much of this money is spent on crisisinterventions related to child welfare, family violence, ill health, and crime. Despitegenuine reform efforts, the dramatic overrepresentation of Aboriginal children in fostercare, and among the sick, the injured, and the imprisoned, continues to grow. Onlya real commitment to reconciliation will reverse the trend and lay the foundation fora truly just and equitable nation.
• 231Endnotes1. TRC, AVS, Johanne Coutu-Autut, Statement to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission ofCanada, Rankin Inlet, Nunavut, 21 March 2011, Statement Number: 2011- 0160.2. TRC, AVS, Joseph Martin Larocque, Statement to the Truth and Reconciliation Commissionof Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, 21 June 2012, Statement Number: 2011-4386.3. TRC, AVS, Mervin Mirasty, Statement to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada,Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, 21 June 2012, Statement Number: 2011-4391.4. TRC, AVS, Genine Paul-Dimitracopoulos, Statement to the Truth and Reconciliation Commissionof Canada, Halifax, Nova Scotia, 27 October 2011, Statement Number: 2011-2862.5. TRC, AVS, Alma Scott, Statement to the Truth and Reconciliation of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba,17 June 2010, Statement Number: 02-MB-16JU10-016.6. Canada, Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, Interim Report, Recommendation15, 29.7. Canada, Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada, Canada’s Statement of Support,http://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1309374239861/1309374546142.8. TRC, NRA, INAC – Resolution Sector – IRS Historical Files Collection – Ottawa, file 6-21-1,volume 2 (Ctrl #27-6), H. M. Jones to Deputy Minister, 13 December 1956. [NCA-001989-0001]9. For a discussion that places both child welfare and residential schools in the context of theongoing colonization of Aboriginal people, see: McKenzie and Hudson, “Native Children.”10. Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples, as cited in Sinha and Kozlowski, “Structure ofAboriginal Child Welfare,” 4.11. Canada, Statistics Canada, Aboriginal People in Canada, 19.12. TRC, AVS, Norma Kassi, Statement to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada,Inuvik, Northwest Territories, 29 June 2011, Statement Number: NNE203.13. United Nations, Convention on the Rights of the Child, Concluding observations, 12–13.14. United Nations, Convention on the Rights of the Child, Concluding observations, 7.15. Vandna et al., Kiskisik Awasisak, x–xi.16. Vandna et al., Kiskisik Awasisak, xi. The authors concluded that there was not enough data onMétis and Inuit children, and excluded them from the study. Vandna et al., Kiskisik Awasisak,ix.17. Vandna et al., Kiskisik Awasisak, 83–87.18. Vandna et al., Kiskisik Awasisak, xviii.19. Vandna et al., Kiskisik Awasisak, xii.20. Ruiz-Casares et al., “Supervisory Neglect,” 478.21. TRC, AVS, [Name redacted], Statement to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada,Winnipeg, Manitoba, 19 June 2010, Statement Number: 02-MB-19JU10-048.22. TRC, AVS, Linda Clarke, Statement to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada,St. Albert, Alberta, 12 June 2011, Statement Number: 2011-0013.23. Information about ethnicity was available for 94 of the 145 children who have died in fostercare since 1999. Of that number, 74 were Aboriginal. “Deaths of Alberta Aboriginal Childrenin Care No ‘Fluke of Statistics,’” Edmonton Journal, 8 January 2014, http://www.edmontonjournal.com/life/Deaths+Alberta+aboriginal+children+care+fluke+statistics/9212384/story.html (accessed 18 February 2014).24. Sinha and Kozlowski, “Structure of Aboriginal Child Welfare,” 3; “Deaths of Alberta AboriginalChildren in Care No ‘Fluke of Statistics,’” Edmonton Journal, 8 January 2014, http://
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Honouring the Truth Reconciling for the Future

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