Honouring the Truth Reconciling for the Future

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30 • Truth & Reconciliation CommissionThe Kuujjuaq community hearing, Nunavik, March 2011. Photo credit: Piita Irniq.Statements were gathered at public Sharing Panels and Sharing Circles at National,Regional, and Community Events and at Commission hearings. They were also collectedthrough private conversations with statement gatherers. The Commission alsogathered statements in correctional institutions in Kenora, Ontario, and Yellowknife,Northwest Territories, recognizing the high rates of incarceration of Aboriginal peoplesand how the experience of residential schools has contributed to the kinds ofpersonal struggles that may lead to incarceration. Health-support workers, culturalsupport workers, and/or professional therapists were present everywhere theCommission gathered statements to provide support and counselling as needed.In an effort to understand all aspects of the residential school experience, theCommission also made a concerted effort to gather statements from former staffof residential schools. With the assistance of the church parties to the SettlementAgreement, the Commission conducted ninety-six separate interviews with formerstaff and the children of former staff. In addition, the Commission received statementsfrom former staff and their family members at its National and Regional Eventsand Community Hearings. The statements gathered will form part of a permanent collectionof documents relating to residential schools.
Commission activities • 31Under the terms of the Settlement Agreement, the federal government and thechurches were obliged to turn over relevant documents in their possession to theCommission. The Commission has had to overcome some significant challenges tocompleting this task, and has had to seek court direction to resolve disputes with theparties about the handing over of documents. Once the Commission’s document-collectionprocesses began, it became increasingly apparent that Canada would not producenumerous documents that appeared to be relevant to the Commission’s work. 2First, the federal government declined to produce all relevant documents held inits national archives, Library and Archives Canada. Library and Archives Canada tooka position that it was not required to organize and produce to the Commission upto five million documents in its possession that were directly relevant to residentialschools. Library and Archives Canada maintained that the Settlement Agreementrequired it to provide the Commission only with access to its archives. A lengthy process,which included the filing of written arguments, affidavit evidence, and court-orderedmediation between Canada and the Commission, culminated in a hearingbefore the Honourable Justice Stephen Goudge of the Ontario Court of Appeal (sittingas an Ontario Superior Court Justice) on December 20 and 21, 2012. By judgmentdated January 30, 2013, Justice Goudge ruled in favour of the Commission’s position,that the terms of the Settlement Agreement provided that all relevant documents heldby the Government of Canada, wherever they may be held, must be produced to theCommission. 3 Following the ruling, the Government of Canada began producing documentsfrom Library and Archives Canada to the Commission.Less than a year later, the Commission once again was required to go to court forjudicial guidance respecting Canada’s document-production obligations. At issuewere records in the possession of the Government of Canada from the investigationof the Ontario Provincial Police (opp) into abuse at the Fort Albany, Ontario, residentialschool in Ontario (also known as the St. Anne’s school). The Commissionhad attempted to obtain the opp documents from both the opp and the federal government.Although the opp did not respond to the Commission’s overtures, it latertook the position that it required judicial authorization to produce the records to theCommission, but it did not oppose disclosure. The Government of Canada, however,opposed production of the documents to both the Commission and to the lawyers forresidential school Survivors. The government took the position that it was barred fromproducing the documents because they obtained the documents from the opp subjectto an undertaking that it would not, in turn, disclose the documents to any third party. 4The Government of Canada further argued that it was not obliged to seek documentsfrom third parties for disclosure to the Commission and that any disclosure to theCommission of the St. Anne’s records would amount to burdening the Government ofCanada with this obligation. 5
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Honouring the Truth Reconciling for the Future

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