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182 SESSION III Central Laboratory (Manila, the Philippines) and hepatitis C virus sequence database (http://gluttony.lanl. gov/content/hcv-db/combined_search/ search) by ClustalW with subsequent inspection and manual modification. (Thompson, Higgins, and Gibson, 1994) The frequency of nucleotide substitution in each base of the sequences was estimated by the Kimura two-parameter method. A phylogenetic tree was constructed by the neighborjoining method, and its reliability was estimated by 1000 bootstrap replications. The profile of the tree was visualized with the program of Njplot. (Perriere and Gouy, 1996) Statistical analysis Prevalence data of hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus infection was analyzed by χ 2 test and p value less than 0.05 was considered to be significant. RESULTS Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus, Hepatitis B Virus and HIV Infections Of the 87 injecting drug users, 61 (70.1%) were positive for anti-HCV. Twenty-eight of the injecting drug users were recruited from an area at the downtown of Metro Cebu, and all of them (100%, 28/28) had anti-HCV. Of the 43-inhalation drug users, only seven (16.3%) had anti-HCV. No one was positive for anti- HCV in the 130 sex workers and the 100 antenatal clinic attendees. Among the students/health care workers (n=200), only 4 (2.0%) were positive for anti- HCV (Table 3). Thus, the prevalence of anti-HCV was significantly higher among injecting drug users than inhalation drug users (P=0.00; Odds ratio (OR)=12, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 5-31), sex workers (P=0.00; OR=∞), antenatal clinic attendees (P=0.00; OR=∞), and students/health care workers (P=0.00; OR=115, 95% CI: 38-346), indicating that injecting drug use is significantly associated with the hepatitis C virus infection. Ref lections on the Human Condition: Change, Conflict and Modernity The Work of the 2004/2005 API Fellows Seroprevalence of HBsAg among injecting drug users (10.3%, 9/87) was significantly higher than that among sex workers (2.3%, 3/130; P=0.01; OR=5, 95% CI: 1-19) and antenatal clinic attendees (3.0%, 3/100; P= 0.04; OR=4, 95% CI: 1-14), but not than that among inhalation drug users (9.3%, 4/43; P=0.9) and students/ health care workers (4.5%, 9/200; P=0.06) (Table 3). HIV antibody was not detected in any of these groups (Table 3). Seven (8.0%) of the 87 injecting drug users were dually positive for HBsAg and anti-HCV. Among other population groups, there was no dual positive case. Hepatitis C virus genotypes Of the 61 injecting drug users positive for anti-HCV (Table 3), 52 samples were available for further analysis and 38 samples were positive for PCR with NS5B primers. Twenty-three of the PCR-positive samples were randomly selected and were subjected to nucleotide sequencing. The PCR products were directly sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically. A phylogenetic tree (Figure 2) based on NS5B sequences (nucleotides, 7975 to 8196 (5)) showed two hepatitis C virus genotypes, 1a and 2b. Of the 23 hepatitis C virus strains analyzed, 15 clustered significantly with genotype 1a reference sequences (with bootstrap value 97%), and most of them sub-clustered together while two strains (02dx02 and 02du98) did not. The remaining 8 clustered significantly with genotype 2b reference sequences and formed a significant sub-cluster (with bootstrap value 96%), suggesting that the source of hepatitis C virus 2b circulation among the injecting drug users in Metro Cebu is limited and 02du49 could be a founder strain. Figure (Legend). Hepatitis C virus strains found among the injecting drug users in Metro Cebu and the comparison of those with other strains in the Table 3: Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis C Virus and HIV Infections among Selected Population in Metro Cebu. Positive cases (%) for: Population Tested HBsAg Anti-HCV Anti-HIV Injecting drug users 87 9 (10%) 61 (70) 0 Downtown of Metro Cebu a 28 3 (11) 28 (100) 0 Drug rehabilitation centers 59 6 (10) 33 ( 56) 0 Inhalation drug users b 43 4 (9.3) 7 (16) 0 Sex workers 130 3 (2.3) 0 0 Antenatal clinic attendees 100 3 (3.0) 0 0 Students/Health care workers 200 9 (4.5) 4 (2.0) 0 a Clients from the downtown of Metro Cebu (n= 28) were all injecting drug users. b All the inhalation drug users were from drug rehabilitation centers. HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HBV, hepatitis B virus.
GBV- 84 4 8 4 0. 4 9 7 8 9 9 8 7 2 5 L23447- 3 ? A CHANGING LIFESTYLES AND HEALTH D49374- L23471- L23461- D17763- AF 279121- D49761- ? RB- L23457- AF037251 ?J 02E L23450- AF071954 AF516033 9 02dx 02du 02ww 02dz 02ww0 02qq 02Z 02ww 02du1 02c c dm 02c c mk 02vv 02du 02du 02ww1 03Z 02D ?D 03R 03C 03H 03 ?E 02du ?L 03D ?S 03N 02du 02du 02ccd 02du 02du 02ccd 02du 02ww 02R L23442- AJ 000009- ?E D10934- ?R 03F ? RC- 03L 03J ?R 03P D10749- 03 L23435- 03DG AF 177037- 1a NC 03L ? RN- 03 K AF 165048- L23475- 183 Ref lections on the Human Condition: Change, Conflict and Modernity The Work of the 2004/2005 API Fellows 2 1 1
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Reflections on the
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CONTENTS About the Book v Acknowled
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ABOUT THE BOOK Reflections<
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THE CONTRIBUTORS (The information a
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University of the Philippines in th
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about social change. For example, S
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wars—the First World War and the
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It will not be easy but I believe t
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Before I conclude, allow me to offe
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highlighted in this Workshop’s fr
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INTRODUCTION Abdul Rahman Embong AG
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API Fellowships Program that the 4
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in Indonesia and their engagement w
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countries as a way of seeking empow
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HERITAGE, IDENTITY, CHANGE AND CONF
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problem developing with the relatio
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I have arrived at this point in my
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REFERENCES Bellwood, Peter S. 1985.
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PAST PERIPHERY: CURATION IN SOUTHEA
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co-location of art around the world
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arts and design and were not formal
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and cultural value can heighten the
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y boat from Bangkok. In this cultur
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in the gentrified district of Thong
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Supangkat, Jim. 1995. “Contempora
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in Bangkok and reassembled at the t
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In her article, “The Politics of
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legend is unlikely to achieve simil
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KHAW SIM BEE AND MODERN PHUKET In t
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French, British or Dutch, is less m
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More recently, a new interest in lo
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Books. pp. 89-126. Journal Articles
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of RCSD), Dr. Chainarong Sretthacha
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forestry departments and other tech
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Although most Southeast Asian gover
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of cultivated area, and population
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the drought. Since the early 1990s,
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In both Peninsular Malaysia and Sar
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Affairs under the Ministry of Home
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Community Forestry Program (CFP) wa
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in Thailand and the Philippines. Ma
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that joined the conflict; and (ii)
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level of 1%. In addition, since the
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participation in collective action,
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Thompson, M. and M. Warburton. 1985
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trol by Suharto. The approximately
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unit headed by General Prabowo, Suh
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Muhammadiyah bersama kekuatan socia
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who refuse to acknowledge the exist
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For the most part, respondents demo
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Islam Mengejar Ketertinggala. In jo
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ENGAGING MODERNITY: RELIGION, GENDE
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spiritual adaptation—gradual, hig
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But underlying all his views—KH G
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women demand for divorce, they woul
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father tried to convince her to rev
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Happy Birthday, dear Muhammad! SEKA
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cultural particularity cannot provi
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strengthened by Malaysia’s ethnic
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destined to build a civilisation of
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of capitalism has led to an increas
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Because living away from home and i
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leads them to concede that they may
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In Malaysia, on the other hand, the
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hierarchy has not hesitated to util
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almost 40 years ago—September 30,
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CLEARING THE SPACE: ART AS TRANSPOR
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that we can see more clearly the ar
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women; violence against women is no
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ALTERNATIVE SPACES IN INDONESIA The
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structural foundations to play thei
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Asian animation companies bid fierc
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Filipino parents, newspaper columni
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digital content creation to find cl
Page 159 and 160: containing advice and insights on f
Page 161 and 162: devoted his time to produce the fir
Page 163 and 164: Figure 2: The Structure of the Japa
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Page 167 and 168: mind. GDH shared its production pro
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Page 173 and 174: y passion which was in fashion at t
Page 175 and 176: movies and other special effects fi
Page 177 and 178: Otaku culture is just like any othe
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Page 181 and 182: ands emerged slowly, and fans of th
Page 183 and 184: ENGAGING MODERNITY: RELIGION, GENDE
Page 185 and 186: Apparently, these Otaku subgroups c
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Page 189 and 190: CHANGING LIFESTYLES AND HEALTH GLOB
Page 191 and 192: great divide between availability a
Page 193 and 194: Figure 3: Weight changes in Japanes
Page 195 and 196: collected using a questionnaire, in
Page 197 and 198: Table 10: Self Report on Health (N=
Page 199 and 200: Table 29: Body mass index (BMI) of
Page 201 and 202: CHANGING LIFESTYLES AND HEALTH Tabl
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Page 217 and 218: DESPERATELY SEEKING MARKETS If mark
Page 219 and 220: integrated circuits, industrial rob
Page 221 and 222: that JP’s privatized banking divi
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Page 225 and 226: instances where such individuals ha
Page 227 and 228: even as public finances improved fo
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Page 231 and 232: take shape so that they are in line
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Page 235 and 236: CHANGING LIFESTYLES AND HEALTH RESE
Page 237 and 238: The indexers extracted the importan
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Page 241 and 242: Figure 3: The list of 21 researcher
Page 243 and 244: E. F. 1. Regulation of export; and
Page 245 and 246: com/cybernews/sehat/kapsul/kapsul-s
Page 247 and 248: government long maintained an inter
Page 249 and 250: oei. First, beginning with Cambodia
Page 251 and 252: key issue for Japan is that there i
Page 253 and 254: Japanese government revised its mar
Page 255 and 256: Unlike New Komeito which has been b
Page 257 and 258: (2) type of Article 9 revision; and
Page 259 and 260: These results depict the tenacity o
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has manifested unilateralist tenden
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Midford, Paul. 2003. “Japan’s R
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“Poll shows fears of war at highe
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THE STATE, DEVELOPMENT AND GLOBALIZ
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and Sri Lanka. Then, the Greater Me
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Table 2: Thailand Trade Value of Ag
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Thailand has been the most intensiv
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In according to the presence of goo
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In case of the losers from FTAs, th
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13 At these years, the world econom
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Nipon Poapongsakorn, Martin Ruhs, S
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RESULTS The Indonesia Railway The w
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Noise Table 1: Results of noise mea
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Maintenance and improvement of reli
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signal to allow the train to procee
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The results of Yamanashi Maglev Tes
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1980. Recently, research focus on e
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comprehensive ones to short-term po
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FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY The author s
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politicians made the first moves, a
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Compliance Certificate issued by th
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Tubay’s JCADI has its own busines
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the majority political positions in
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280 SESSION IV McCoy, Alfred W. (ed
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282 SESSION IV Table 3: Profiles of
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Table 6: Summary of Case Studies. 2
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286 SESSION IV GENE REVOLUTION AND
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288 SESSION IV During the introduct
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290 SESSION IV state arm to provide
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292 SESSION IV The reason he chose
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294 SESSION IV of RRCanola but he g
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296 SESSION IV should understand th
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298 SESSION IV (Kanniah, 2004). 29
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300 SESSION V EMPOWERING THE URBAN
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302 SESSION V after the Marcos admi
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304 SESSION V Table 2: List of Part
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306 SESSION V a primitive community
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308 SESSION V THE HOMELESS IN THE M
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310 SESSION V Tokyo and Yokohama, b
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312 SESSION V station, Nanba, Nippo
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314 SESSION V Local administrations
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316 SESSION V alternatives. That ma
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318 SESSION V some conclusions coul
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320 SESSION V the children), 15. Th
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322 SESSION V unemployed daily work
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324 SESSION V no common activities
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326 SESSION V Yoseba and Disemploym
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328 SESSION V receive the seikatsu
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330 SESSION V is still a question w
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332 SESSION V can exemplify the rea
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334 SESSION V land and expropriatio
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336 SESSION V JAPANESE AND MALAYSIA
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338 SESSION V The new Child Welfare
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340 SESSION V while at the same tim
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342 SESSION V Chart 1: The Fluctuat
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344 SESSION V Picture 1.b Source: r
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346 SESSION V on education is more
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348 SESSION V REINTEGRATION PROGRAM
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350 SESSION V most migrants, partic
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352 SESSION V Table 3: Changes in t
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354 SESSION V 39 years old. However
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356 SESSION V restaurant entreprene
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358 SESSION V 50 and 59 years old 2
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360 SESSION V order to go work abro
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362 SESSION VI TOWARDS SUCCESSFUL A
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364 SESSION VI the third round had
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366 SESSION VI The Role of the Oppo
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368 SESSION VI peasants in land occ
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370 SESSION VI exposed to open tour
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372 SESSION VI While in Indonesia,
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374 SESSION VI the balance of power
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376 SESSION VI Table 1: Major Human
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378 SESSION VI Table 2: Regional De
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380 SESSION VI Non-docketed complai
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382 SESSION VI Barangay Captain Sol
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384 SESSION VI countries that forei
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386 SESSION VI Rights Education in
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388 SESSION VI by a facilitator. Gr
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390 SESSION VI The true nature of t
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392 SESSION VI Japanese economy is
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394 SESSION VI Table 2: Chronology
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396 SESSION VI Sept. 2000: Filed la
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398 SESSION VI politicians’ quali
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400 SESSION VI Table 5: Organizatio
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402 SESSION VI Table 6: Organizatio
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404 SESSION VI The All Japan Citize
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406 SESSION VI Freedom of informati
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408 SESSION VI for only four second
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410 SESSION VI DEVELOPMENT AND PROB
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412 SESSION VI of the news. Althoug
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414 SESSION VI Efendi Gazali, a mas
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416 SESSION VI Some say that the Ka
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418 SESSION VI Table 3: Indonesian
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420 SESSION VI are helpful in devel
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422 APPENDIX I WORKSHOP SCHEDULE Fo
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424 ASST. PROF. DR. ROSALIE B. ARCA
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426 APPENDIX III ABSTRACTS OF PAPER
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428 of such a challenge, the histor
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430 emergence of creativity and inn
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432 the legal conditions. It also p
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434 followed by I Nyoman Nurjaya fr
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436 Politics and Development in the
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438 of general comments were highli
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