Reflections on the Human Condition - Api-fellowships.org

256 SESSION IV
The workers do their jobs in sitting position. The results
of observation by OWAS Method - straight back and
bent forward, both arms are below shoulder level, legs
in sitting position, and no load. Generally, the work
posture included in action category 1: no corrective
measures and category 2: corrective measures in the
near future. Otherwise, the driver cab is a narrow room
that limits movement. Sometimes, the workers twist
their waist and raise one hand. If this happen, the work
posture is bad and is included in action category 3:
corrective measure as soon as possible.
Environmental
The measurement of environmental factors includes
temperature, illumination, noise, and vibration. Except
for vibration, the other parameters are primary data
collected through direct measurement. The driver cab in
Indonesia Railway is divided into two types. There are
locomotive CC 201 for economy class and locomotive
CC 203 for executive and business class.
Picture 2: Locomotive CC 201.
Picture 3: Locomotive CC 203.
Temperature
Ref lections on the Human Condition: Change, Conflict and Modernity
The Work of the 2004/2005 API Fellows
The temperature at locomotive CC 201 was 28.1-
28.9°C, with the average of 28.7 °C. While, the data at
locomotive CC 203 was 27.0-30.2 °C, with the average
of 28.6 °C.
The reference standard used is NIOSH where working
the temperature suggested is 260°C. However,
the Indonesian Government Regulation concerning
about working environment as stated in Decree of
Minister of Health of The Indonesian Republic No:
261/MENKES/SK/11/1998 about Requirements
of Working Environment Health, states that the
temperature for a industrial health environment is 21-
300 °C. If the results are compared with NIOSH, both
locomotive CC 201 and CC 203 exceed 1-40°C higher
from the suggested standard. On the contrary, if the
results are compared with Indonesian Regulation, they
are still below the standard. This is because Indonesia
is a tropical country in which the average temperature
is + 30°C in the afternoon. When the measurement
was taken during operation, the workers did not seem
to be bothered by the temperature as the temperature
in the work site was almost similar with the outside
temperature. In other words, the workers are used to
it.
Illumination
The Decree of Minister of Health of The Indonesian
Republic No: 261/MENKES/SK/11/1998 about
Requirements of Working Environment Health states
that lighting for continuous jobs is 200 lux.
The measurement conducted in the morning until
afternoon, when the sun shines directly. Because of that,
all the results of measurement are over than 200 lux,
approximately 700-1900 lux. But if the measurement
was conducted at night, the results will be decrease.