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396 SESSION VI Sept. 2000: Filed lawsuit against 9 current and former police officers for repayment of food expenditures. (Police officials ordered to reimburse local gov’t-paid meals, Japan Economic Newswire, March 25, 2002 and Police papers to be revealed. 2001: Filed lawsuit to claim damages against Kanagawa Governor for his decision to allow the prefectural government to buy a theater. 2001: Filed lawsuit to claim the mayor to return money spent for new airport project. Feb. 2001: Requested information on police expenses from Sendai Prefecture. April 2001: Filed lawsuit against Sendai prefecture. April 2001: Issued a report evaluating the activities of each current assembly member. April 2001: Requested performance or sale data of Universal Studio Japan of which the City of Osaka held 25% of shares as majority shareholder. June 2001: Filed lawsuit to seek information on prosecutor’s research fund. June 2001: Filed lawsuit against the major companies’ executives to return monies illegally donated to political party during capital deficit, e.g. claimed 87 million yen from Kumagai Gumi’s executives. Such donations were prohibited by the Political Fund Control Law. July 2001: Requested details on 2.75 billion yen of expenses spent for the Olympic bid campaign. Aug. 2001: Filed lawsuit to demand the former governor refund the cost of a 1.23 billion yen theater purchased by Kanagawa Prefecture. May 2002: Filed lawsuit to seek disclosure of administrative documents related to the legal responsibility and compensation obligations of the organizers and the central and local governments in the event of a cancellation of the 2005 Aichi World Expo. Oct. 2002: Sent questionnaires to Supreme Court about suspicious gifts. Oct. 2002: Filed a lawsuit to recover damages against former directors of Sumitomo Corporation. Oct. 2002: Set up a center to advise and support, without identifying, whistle-blowers. Ref lections on the Human Condition: Change, Conflict and Modernity The Work of the 2004/2005 API Fellows Sendai Ombudsman In March 2002, the Sendai District Court ordered such 9 officers to reimburse a part of food expenditures. Kanagawa Citizens’ Ombudsman July 2004: The Yokohama District Court dismissed the claim. Kobe Citizen Group June 2005: The Osaka High Court upheld the Kobe District Court to dismiss the suit. Sendai Ombudsman The Sendai Prefecture rejected the request. Shimin Onbuzu (civic ombudsman) Amagasaki Mihariban Jan. 2003: The Sendai District Court ordered the Prefecture to disclose the amount paid to an informer during investigation but keep confidential on identity of informers and purpose of payment. Sendai Ombudsman Dec. 2003: The Sendai District Court ruled the Sendai High Public Prosecutor’s Office misappropriated money allocated to it for research activities around 1993 but refused to order disclosure of how the alleged slush fund had been spent. Kabunushi Ombudsman Mihariban Citizens’ Groups in Kanagawa Nagoya Citizen Goup The All Japan Citizen Ombudsman Association Kabunushi Ombudsman Feb. 2003: The Fukui District Court ordered the ex-president of Kumagai Gumi to reimburse 27 million yen for donations from Apr 1998-Dec 1999, but dismissed demands to have another ex-president return donations and to ban the current president from extending political donations. July 2004: TheYokohama District Court dismissed the claim for the cost of theater. Oct. 2003: Nogoya District Court ordered METI and Foreign Ministry to disclose documents they sent to the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE) but to keep documents related to discussions on what would happen if the event were to be canceled confidential. The Supreme Court refused to answer questions..
July 2003: The Nagasaki District Court ruled that a portion of donations made to the LDP prefectural chapter prior to February 2002 gubernatorial elections had violated the Public Offices Election Law and convicted two former senior chapter officials. Aug. 2003: Filed lawsuits against 15 executives of Wakachiku Construction in Fukuoka, Penta-Ocean Construction in Tokyo and Kumagai Gumi in Fukui for 340 million yen of compensation Oct. 2003: Requested information on investigation fund and found that this fund was spent on parties. Before Feb. 2004: Filed complaints on Hokkaido police’s finances. Nov. 2003: Submitted written requests to nationwide prefectural-police-forces to disclose information on how investigation and remuneration funds were used. June 2004: Campaigned for ‘no political donations’ in Toyota’s shareholder meeting June 2005: New company law passed. Kabunushi Ombudsman Kabunushi Ombudsman Sendai Shimin Ombudsman Citizen Group in Sapporo SOCIAL JUSTICE, HUMAN RIGHTS AND CIVIL SOCIETY The All Japan Citizen Ombudsman Association Kabunushi Ombudsman MECHANISMS USED BY CIVIL SOCIETY TO COMBAT CORRUPTION 397 The Ombudsman reported that in 2002 police in 43 of Japan’s 47 prefectures used 197 million yen in public funds in fiscal 2002 for parties to reward officers for their work. But the police argued that such use was accepted by the National Police Agency handbook. Table 3: Organization of Activities of Japanese Civil Society—Politicians / Policy Survey & Rating Politicians. Civil Society Activities Mechanism Japan Initiative (Koso Nippon) Council of Rating Politicians (The Seijika Hyotei Kaigi) Shimin Onbuzu (civic ombudsman) Amagasaki July 2000: Commented periodically in internet-based publication of the results of questionnaire surveys on policy among Diet members. (http://www.kosonippon.org) April 2000: Launched activities to provide information on politicians’ stances towards national agenda-issues. Successful politicians failed to comply with their commitments. (http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~rijs/DCJArt_Elections_v9n1_2003.html April 2001: Issued a report evaluating the activities of each current assembly member. (The Japan Times, 15 July 2001) Note: Activities in table do not include all activities of each group. Only selected activities are mentioned. Pressure on corporate, political and bureaucratic leaders is essential for civil society to promote transparency, good governmance, and responsiveness. Such pressure upon the three actors must be placed simultaneously. Political Survey-Rating and Rakusen In any election, political information such as policy or past performance of each politician is necessary for citizens in casting their votes. Japanese civil society has made use of this information. Giving the right information to the right persons at the right time will allow the right representatives to be elected. If citizens have information on the policies or performance of each candidate, they can choose the right one. Some civil society groups in Japan support this kind of work for the public, such as the Japan Initiative, the Council of Rating Politicians and the Civic Ombudsman Amagasaki. The evaluation of politicians requires initiative, effort and time. States Men and Policies Database System (Koso Nippon) of Japan Initiative (JI) The States Men and Policies Database System (SPDS) publicizes survey results from policy questionnaires to Diet members, which are conducted continuously, and, thus, data updating is more frequent. JI has its website at as an informative source about all politicians. Council of Rating Politcians The Seijika Hyotei Kaigi (Council of Rating Politicians), launched on 24 May 2000, was designed to assess Ref lections on the Human Condition: Change, Conflict and Modernity The Work of the 2004/2005 API Fellows
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Reflections on the
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CONTENTS About the Book v Acknowled
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ABOUT THE BOOK Reflections<
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THE CONTRIBUTORS (The information a
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University of the Philippines in th
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about social change. For example, S
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wars—the First World War and the
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It will not be easy but I believe t
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Before I conclude, allow me to offe
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highlighted in this Workshop’s fr
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INTRODUCTION Abdul Rahman Embong AG
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API Fellowships Program that the 4
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in Indonesia and their engagement w
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countries as a way of seeking empow
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HERITAGE, IDENTITY, CHANGE AND CONF
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problem developing with the relatio
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I have arrived at this point in my
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REFERENCES Bellwood, Peter S. 1985.
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PAST PERIPHERY: CURATION IN SOUTHEA
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co-location of art around the world
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arts and design and were not formal
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and cultural value can heighten the
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y boat from Bangkok. In this cultur
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in the gentrified district of Thong
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Supangkat, Jim. 1995. “Contempora
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in Bangkok and reassembled at the t
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In her article, “The Politics of
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legend is unlikely to achieve simil
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KHAW SIM BEE AND MODERN PHUKET In t
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French, British or Dutch, is less m
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More recently, a new interest in lo
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Books. pp. 89-126. Journal Articles
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of RCSD), Dr. Chainarong Sretthacha
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forestry departments and other tech
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Although most Southeast Asian gover
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of cultivated area, and population
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the drought. Since the early 1990s,
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In both Peninsular Malaysia and Sar
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Affairs under the Ministry of Home
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Community Forestry Program (CFP) wa
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in Thailand and the Philippines. Ma
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that joined the conflict; and (ii)
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level of 1%. In addition, since the
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participation in collective action,
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Thompson, M. and M. Warburton. 1985
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trol by Suharto. The approximately
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unit headed by General Prabowo, Suh
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Muhammadiyah bersama kekuatan socia
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who refuse to acknowledge the exist
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For the most part, respondents demo
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Islam Mengejar Ketertinggala. In jo
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ENGAGING MODERNITY: RELIGION, GENDE
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spiritual adaptation—gradual, hig
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But underlying all his views—KH G
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women demand for divorce, they woul
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father tried to convince her to rev
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Happy Birthday, dear Muhammad! SEKA
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cultural particularity cannot provi
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strengthened by Malaysia’s ethnic
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destined to build a civilisation of
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of capitalism has led to an increas
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Because living away from home and i
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leads them to concede that they may
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In Malaysia, on the other hand, the
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hierarchy has not hesitated to util
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almost 40 years ago—September 30,
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CLEARING THE SPACE: ART AS TRANSPOR
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that we can see more clearly the ar
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women; violence against women is no
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ALTERNATIVE SPACES IN INDONESIA The
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structural foundations to play thei
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Asian animation companies bid fierc
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Filipino parents, newspaper columni
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digital content creation to find cl
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containing advice and insights on f
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devoted his time to produce the fir
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Figure 2: The Structure of the Japa
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6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Figure 5: Cartoon’s
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mind. GDH shared its production pro
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interesting to note that the audien
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an impression of what their works w
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y passion which was in fashion at t
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movies and other special effects fi
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Otaku culture is just like any othe
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Akihabara Tokyo’s Electric Town,
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ands emerged slowly, and fans of th
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Apparently, these Otaku subgroups c
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and Practice (6:1), (27-37). Schodt
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CHANGING LIFESTYLES AND HEALTH GLOB
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great divide between availability a
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Figure 3: Weight changes in Japanes
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collected using a questionnaire, in
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Table 10: Self Report on Health (N=
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Table 29: Body mass index (BMI) of
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CHANGING LIFESTYLES AND HEALTH Tabl
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REFERENCES Aekplakorn W., Chaiyapon
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CHANGING LIFESTYLES AND HEALTH TEAM
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noted for HBs antigen (HBsAg) among
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given to the clients confidentially
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GBV- 84 4 8 4 0. 4 9 7 8 9 9 8 7 2
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the detailed characterization on th
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type 2 infection in the Philippines
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DESPERATELY SEEKING MARKETS If mark
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integrated circuits, industrial rob
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that JP’s privatized banking divi
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limited scope for private healthcar
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instances where such individuals ha
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even as public finances improved fo
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The United States could easily desi
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take shape so that they are in line
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Bank itself may be subject to force
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CHANGING LIFESTYLES AND HEALTH RESE
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The indexers extracted the importan
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wound healing from generation to ge
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Figure 3: The list of 21 researcher
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E. F. 1. Regulation of export; and
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com/cybernews/sehat/kapsul/kapsul-s
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government long maintained an inter
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oei. First, beginning with Cambodia
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key issue for Japan is that there i
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Japanese government revised its mar
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Unlike New Komeito which has been b
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(2) type of Article 9 revision; and
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These results depict the tenacity o
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has manifested unilateralist tenden
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Midford, Paul. 2003. “Japan’s R
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“Poll shows fears of war at highe
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THE STATE, DEVELOPMENT AND GLOBALIZ
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and Sri Lanka. Then, the Greater Me
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Table 2: Thailand Trade Value of Ag
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Thailand has been the most intensiv
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In according to the presence of goo
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In case of the losers from FTAs, th
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13 At these years, the world econom
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Nipon Poapongsakorn, Martin Ruhs, S
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RESULTS The Indonesia Railway The w
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Noise Table 1: Results of noise mea
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Maintenance and improvement of reli
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signal to allow the train to procee
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The results of Yamanashi Maglev Tes
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1980. Recently, research focus on e
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comprehensive ones to short-term po
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FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY The author s
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politicians made the first moves, a
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Compliance Certificate issued by th
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Tubay’s JCADI has its own busines
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the majority political positions in
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280 SESSION IV McCoy, Alfred W. (ed
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282 SESSION IV Table 3: Profiles of
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Table 6: Summary of Case Studies. 2
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286 SESSION IV GENE REVOLUTION AND
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288 SESSION IV During the introduct
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290 SESSION IV state arm to provide
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292 SESSION IV The reason he chose
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294 SESSION IV of RRCanola but he g
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296 SESSION IV should understand th
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298 SESSION IV (Kanniah, 2004). 29
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300 SESSION V EMPOWERING THE URBAN
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302 SESSION V after the Marcos admi
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304 SESSION V Table 2: List of Part
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306 SESSION V a primitive community
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308 SESSION V THE HOMELESS IN THE M
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310 SESSION V Tokyo and Yokohama, b
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312 SESSION V station, Nanba, Nippo
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314 SESSION V Local administrations
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316 SESSION V alternatives. That ma
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318 SESSION V some conclusions coul
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320 SESSION V the children), 15. Th
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322 SESSION V unemployed daily work
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324 SESSION V no common activities
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326 SESSION V Yoseba and Disemploym
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328 SESSION V receive the seikatsu
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330 SESSION V is still a question w
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332 SESSION V can exemplify the rea
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334 SESSION V land and expropriatio
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336 SESSION V JAPANESE AND MALAYSIA
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338 SESSION V The new Child Welfare
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340 SESSION V while at the same tim
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342 SESSION V Chart 1: The Fluctuat
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344 SESSION V Picture 1.b Source: r
Page 374 and 375: 346 SESSION V on education is more
Page 376 and 377: 348 SESSION V REINTEGRATION PROGRAM
Page 378 and 379: 350 SESSION V most migrants, partic
Page 380 and 381: 352 SESSION V Table 3: Changes in t
Page 382 and 383: 354 SESSION V 39 years old. However
Page 384 and 385: 356 SESSION V restaurant entreprene
Page 386 and 387: 358 SESSION V 50 and 59 years old 2
Page 388 and 389: 360 SESSION V order to go work abro
Page 390 and 391: 362 SESSION VI TOWARDS SUCCESSFUL A
Page 392 and 393: 364 SESSION VI the third round had
Page 394 and 395: 366 SESSION VI The Role of the Oppo
Page 396 and 397: 368 SESSION VI peasants in land occ
Page 398 and 399: 370 SESSION VI exposed to open tour
Page 400 and 401: 372 SESSION VI While in Indonesia,
Page 402 and 403: 374 SESSION VI the balance of power
Page 404 and 405: 376 SESSION VI Table 1: Major Human
Page 406 and 407: 378 SESSION VI Table 2: Regional De
Page 408 and 409: 380 SESSION VI Non-docketed complai
Page 410 and 411: 382 SESSION VI Barangay Captain Sol
Page 412 and 413: 384 SESSION VI countries that forei
Page 414 and 415: 386 SESSION VI Rights Education in
Page 416 and 417: 388 SESSION VI by a facilitator. Gr
Page 418 and 419: 390 SESSION VI The true nature of t
Page 420 and 421: 392 SESSION VI Japanese economy is
Page 422 and 423: 394 SESSION VI Table 2: Chronology
Page 426 and 427: 398 SESSION VI politicians’ quali
Page 428 and 429: 400 SESSION VI Table 5: Organizatio
Page 430 and 431: 402 SESSION VI Table 6: Organizatio
Page 432 and 433: 404 SESSION VI The All Japan Citize
Page 434 and 435: 406 SESSION VI Freedom of informati
Page 436 and 437: 408 SESSION VI for only four second
Page 438 and 439: 410 SESSION VI DEVELOPMENT AND PROB
Page 440 and 441: 412 SESSION VI of the news. Althoug
Page 442 and 443: 414 SESSION VI Efendi Gazali, a mas
Page 444 and 445: 416 SESSION VI Some say that the Ka
Page 446 and 447: 418 SESSION VI Table 3: Indonesian
Page 448 and 449: 420 SESSION VI are helpful in devel
Page 450 and 451: 422 APPENDIX I WORKSHOP SCHEDULE Fo
Page 452 and 453: 424 ASST. PROF. DR. ROSALIE B. ARCA
Page 454 and 455: 426 APPENDIX III ABSTRACTS OF PAPER
Page 456 and 457: 428 of such a challenge, the histor
Page 458 and 459: 430 emergence of creativity and inn
Page 460 and 461: 432 the legal conditions. It also p
Page 462 and 463: 434 followed by I Nyoman Nurjaya fr
Page 464 and 465: 436 Politics and Development in the
Page 466 and 467: 438 of general comments were highli
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