kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
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saxelmwifoebriv procesebSi. igi ufro CrdilSi yofnas amjobineb<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> adgils<br />
uTmob<strong>da</strong> politikur liderebs (ssrk-s <strong>da</strong>Slisa <strong>da</strong> religiuri identurobis Ziebis<br />
procesis <strong>da</strong>wyebis Semdegac ki). amave dros, mTeli Sua saukuneebis manZilze, rodesac<br />
qveynis politikuri <strong>da</strong> kulturuli sazRvrebi erTmaneTs ar emTxveo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> eTnikuri<br />
siWrelec bunebrivi movlena iyo, swored religia iyo barieri ucxoTa kulturuli<br />
eqspansiisa <strong>da</strong> asimilaciis gzaze, erovnuli konsoli<strong>da</strong>ciis efeqturi iaraRi.<br />
rac Seexeba umciresobebs, saqarTveloSi aris 11 somxuri samociqulo, 3 somxuri<br />
kaTolikuri, 8 rusuli marTlmadidebluri eklesia, 3 kaTolikuri taZari, 15<br />
muslimuri meCeTi, 14 sinagoga.<br />
eTnikuri umciresobebis kulturul ganviTarebas uzrunvelyofs 361 skola <strong>da</strong> 190<br />
<strong>da</strong>moukidebeli saskolo seqtori mSobliuri enis swavlebiT. universitetebSi<br />
arsebobs arsaxelmwifo enaze moqmedi fakultetebi; 4 saxelmwifo <strong>da</strong> 5 saxalxo<br />
Teatri. eTnikur umciresobaTa enaze gamoicema 21 gazeTi <strong>da</strong> 4 Jurnali.<br />
un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos, rom eTnikur saTvistomoebSi araerTgvarovani situaciaa. magaliTad,<br />
qvemo qarTlis azerbaijanelebi ganaTlebas ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d azerbaijanul enaze<br />
iReban, Si<strong>da</strong> qarTlisa — qarTul enaze. Tbilissi mcxovrebi somxebi integrirebuli<br />
arian qarTul sazogadoebaSi, rasac ver vityviT mesxeT-javaxeTis somxebze, romelTa<br />
umravlesoba qarTul enas ar flobs. berZnuli diaspora iyofa berZnulenovan <strong>da</strong><br />
Turqulenovan nawilad, ebraelebi — qarTulenovan <strong>da</strong> aSkenaz (rusulenovan evropel)<br />
ebraelebad <strong>da</strong> a.S.<br />
qveyanaSi arsebobs 120-ze meti arasamTavrobo organizacia, romlebic sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva<br />
eTnikur Tems warmoadgens. maTi nawili, faqtobrivad, romelime politikuri partiis<br />
<strong>da</strong>namatia, nawili ki, umoqmedoa. maTi monawileobis xarisxi qveynis sazogadoebriv<br />
cxovrebaSi maRali ar aris, Tumca ukanaskneli 2-3 wlis manZilze garkveuli winsvla<br />
SeimCneva.<br />
somxebi saqarTveloSi yvelaze msxvil eTnikur umciresobas Seadgenen. isini<br />
ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d Tbilissa <strong>da</strong> istoriuli javaxeTis raionebSi cxovroben. somxebi<br />
saqarTveloSi kompaqturad bolo 170 wlis manZilze arian <strong>da</strong>saxlebuli, ruseT-<br />
TurqeTis 1828-1829 ww. omis Semdeg.<br />
1989 wlis aRweris mixedviT, saqarTveloSi somxebis raodenoba 437 aTass aRematebo<strong>da</strong>,<br />
maTi umravlesoba javaxeTsa <strong>da</strong> mesxeTSi cxovrob<strong>da</strong>.<br />
eTnokonfesiuri TvalsazrisiT, mesxeT-javaxeTi saqarTvelos erT-erTi yvelaze<br />
gamorCeuli regionia. igi gamoirCeva, agreTve, samxedro-strategiuli mniSvnelobiT.<br />
samcxe-javaxeTi samxreT saqarTvelos mxarea, romelic TurqeTsa <strong>da</strong> somxeTs<br />
esazRvreba. <strong>da</strong>narCeni saqarTvelosagan mcire kavkasionis qedi yofs. 1989 w. aRweris<br />
mixedviT, <strong>mosaxleoba</strong> 231,649 kacs Seadgens. aerTianebs 6 raions: axalcixes, adigens,<br />
axalqalaqs, aspinZas, borjomsa <strong>da</strong> ninowmin<strong>da</strong>s. administraciuli centria qalaqi<br />
axalcixe.<br />
mosaxleobis udides nawils qarTvelebi <strong>da</strong> somxebi Seadgenen. saqarTveloSi<br />
mcxovreb somexTa umravlesoba — 200 000 _ swored mesxeT-javaxeTSi cxovrobs. 1989<br />
wlis aRweris monacemebiT, javaxeaTis <strong>mosaxleoba</strong>Si somxebi 53,7% Seadgendenen,<br />
amJamad maTi Sefardeba mniSvnelovnad gaizar<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> 90% (somxuri wyaroebis mixedviT —<br />
97%) miaRwia, mesxeTSi ki — 1/3-s.<br />
saqarTveloSi ar arsebobs sxva regioni, sa<strong>da</strong>c eTnikuri umciresoba ase<br />
kompaqtura<strong>da</strong>a <strong>da</strong>saxlebuli.<br />
eTnikur mravalferovnebas religiuric emateba. qarTvelebis umravlesoba marTlmadidebelia,<br />
somxebisa — monofozoti-grigorianeli. Tumca aq istoriulad Zlieria<br />
rogorc qarTuli, ise somxuri kaTolicizmi. rusuli mosaxleobis (romelic bolo<br />
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