kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
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kaxis, zaqaTalisa <strong>da</strong> belaqnis raionebSi kompaqturad arian <strong>da</strong>saxlebuli qarTvelebi;<br />
lenqoranis <strong>da</strong>blobze cxovroben TaliSebi.<br />
TviT cneba `azerbaijani~ im teritoriasTan mimarTebaSi, romelic XX s. 20-ian<br />
wlebSi azerbaijanis ssr SemadgenlobaSi Sevi<strong>da</strong>, mxolod XX s. <strong>da</strong>sawyisSi gaCn<strong>da</strong>, xolo<br />
<strong>da</strong>mkvidr<strong>da</strong> 1918 w. 28 maiss azerbaijanis demokratiuli respublikis gamocxadebis<br />
Semdeg.<br />
azerbaijanis saxelmwifoebrioba amJamindel sazRvrebSi <strong>da</strong>dgin<strong>da</strong> sabWoTa ruseTsa<br />
<strong>da</strong> TurqeTs Soris moskovis 1921 w. 16 martis xelSekrulebis safuZvelze.<br />
religiuri sfero azerbaijanSi garkveul aRmavlobas ganicdis. es, pirvel rigSi,<br />
exeba dominirebad konfesias — islams. Tumca aRmavloba <strong>da</strong> ganviTareba azerbaijanisaTvis<br />
sxva tradiciul religiebsac Seexo. amasTan, gaCn<strong>da</strong> aratradiciuli, adre<br />
ucnobi mimdinareobebic. es, garkveulwilad, aixsneba wina 70 wlis mdgomareobiT,<br />
sazogadoebisaTvis saWirboroto sakiTxebze pasuxebis ZiebiT konfesiur sferoSi,<br />
gareSe Zalebis gaqtiurebiT.<br />
iseve rogorc TiTqmis yvelgan, politikuri Zalebi religias iyeneben rogorc<br />
masebze zemoqmedebisa <strong>da</strong> sakuTari gavlenis ganmtkicebis instruments, gareSe Zalebi<br />
— aseve sakuTari gavlenis gaZlierebisaTvis.<br />
rogorc aRvniSneT, azerbaijanSi ZiriTadi religia islamia, Tumca gavrcelebulia<br />
qristianoba <strong>da</strong> iu<strong>da</strong>izmic. muslimTa umravlesoba azeria, TiTqmis yvela isini Siitebi<br />
arian.<br />
qveyana SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>iyos or `muslimur zonad”: samxreTi moicavs teritorias baqo-<br />
Semaxa-evlaxi-ganja-gazaxi-naxWevnis xazi<strong>da</strong>n samxreTisaken, iranis sazRvramde. aq<br />
morwmuneTa ZiriTadi nawili Siitia: azerebi, TaliSebi, TaTebi, qurTebis nawili. arian<br />
sunitebic: axiska, TaTrebi, qurTebis nawili. aq cxovroben marTlmadidebeli qristianebic<br />
— rusebi, ukrainelebi, belorusebi, qarTvelebi; rusi raskolnikebi <strong>da</strong><br />
seqtantebi; germanelebi — kaTolikeni <strong>da</strong> luTeranebi; udebi — monofizitebi; somexigrigorianebi;<br />
iudevelebi — juuri (mTis ebraelebi), aSkenazebi (evropeli ebraelebi),<br />
qarTveli ebraelebi. XX-XXI ss. mijnaze gaCn<strong>da</strong> aratradiciuli mimdinareobebi:<br />
muslimuri — vahabitebi <strong>da</strong> nursistebi, nakSbandielebi, feizulistebi <strong>da</strong> sxv.;<br />
induisti-kriSnaitebi; protestantuli Temebi (qristianuli) 3 .<br />
CrdiloeTi zona mdebareobs ufro CrdiloeTiT — saqarTvelosTan <strong>da</strong> ruseTTan<br />
sazRvrisken. mosaxleobis ZiriTadi nawili sunitia: lezgebi <strong>da</strong> avarelebi, krizebi <strong>da</strong><br />
waxurelebi, budugebi <strong>da</strong> xinalugebi, ingiloTa nawili <strong>da</strong> azerebi. qristianebi<br />
warmodgenili arian rusebiT (ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d raskolnikebi <strong>da</strong> seqtantebi), udinebiT<br />
(monofizitebi), marTlmadideblebiT — ingiloTa nawili, iudevelebiT — juuriT 4 .<br />
ssr kavSiris Seqmnis win azerbaijanSi arsebob<strong>da</strong> 2000-mde meCeTi, romelTa didi<br />
nawili 1930-ian wlebSi <strong>da</strong>angries an <strong>da</strong>xures. marTalia, meore msoflio omis wlebSi<br />
zogierTi meCeTi kvlav amoqmed<strong>da</strong>, rac ganpirobebuli iyo stalinis politikiT —<br />
nebismieri, maT Soris religiuri faqtoris gamoyenebiT moexdina sabWoTa xalxis<br />
mobilizacia nacisturi germaniis winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad.<br />
1976 wels azerbaijanSi 16 registrirebuli meCeTi (14 Siituri <strong>da</strong> ori sunituri,<br />
aqe<strong>da</strong>n 7 — baqoSi) <strong>da</strong> madrasa arsebob<strong>da</strong>, sabWoTa kavSiris <strong>da</strong>Slis droisaTvis maTi<br />
ricxvi 200-mde avi<strong>da</strong> (araregistrirebulebis CaTvliT). sxva wyaros monacemiT, 1994<br />
wlisaTvis arsebob<strong>da</strong> 84 religiuri <strong>da</strong>wesebuleba, meCeTebis CaTvliT, romlebic<br />
3 Гусейн-Заде Р. А. Религия и политика: Взаимоотношения на азербайджанском фоне. – В журн.: Центральная Азия и<br />
Кавказ. № 3 (33), 2004, c.149.<br />
4<br />
iqve.<br />
12
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