kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
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lis sferoSi <strong>da</strong>grovili gamocdileba SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnes `evropis sxva _<br />
socialur-ekonomikuri, kulturuli <strong>da</strong> eTnikuri TvalsazrisiT <strong>da</strong>saxelebulTan<br />
axlo mdgomi regionebis kvlevisaTvis. pirvel rigSi, saqme exeba amierkavkasiasa <strong>da</strong><br />
mimdebare teritoriebs” 72 (aqve SevniSnoT, rom, rogorc vxe<strong>da</strong>vT, v.koroliuki<br />
amierkavkasias evropis regionad ganixilavs).<br />
civilizaciaTa kontaqtis zonad miCneulia balkaneTi, rogorc romanul-germanuli,<br />
aRmosavleT qristianuli <strong>da</strong> muslimuri civilizaciebis urTierTSexvedris,<br />
urTierTgavlenisa <strong>da</strong> Sejaxebis regioni. ax.w. IV saukuni<strong>da</strong>n balkaneTis didi nawili<br />
aRmosavleT qristianuli civilizaciis SemadgenlobaSi moeqca, romelic, saxelmwifoebrivi<br />
TvalsazrisiT, bizantiis imperiis saxiT iyo warmodgenili. XIV saukuni<strong>da</strong>n<br />
islamis SeWram Sewyvita am regionis lokaluri ganviTareba zemoT <strong>da</strong>saxelebuli<br />
civilizaciis farglebSi, aq erTmaneTs Sexv<strong>da</strong> marTlmadidebluri <strong>da</strong> muslimuri<br />
samyaroebi, romelTac didi gavlena iqonies erTmaneTze, Tumca balkaneTSi ar Camoyalibebula<br />
balkanur-muslimuri kulturul-istoriuli erToba 73 .<br />
marTlmadidebluri <strong>da</strong> muslimuri samyaroebis Sexvedris TvalsazrisiT, civilizaciaTa<br />
kontaqtis zonad SeiZleba ganvixiloT mTlianad kavkasia <strong>da</strong>, kerZod, saqar-<br />
Tvelo. XV s. meore naxevri<strong>da</strong>n, bizantiis <strong>da</strong>cemis Semdeg, mas marTlac moux<strong>da</strong><br />
lokaluri ganviTareba, rogorc muslimuri civilizaciis farglebSi moqceul aRmosavleTqristianuli<br />
civilizaciis nawils. balkaneTisa ar iyos, arc aq Camoyalibebula<br />
qarTul-muslimuri (an kavkasiur-muslimuri) kulturul-istoriuli erToba. amdenad,<br />
kavkasia <strong>da</strong>, kerZod, saqarTvelo, sainteresoa civilizaciaTa kontaqtis Sedegis<br />
kuTxiT.<br />
un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos, rom kulturaTa/civilizaciaTa kontaqtis generaciul SesaZleblobaTa<br />
sakiTxi civilizaciur kvlevaTa erT-erTi aqtualuri problemaa. es aris<br />
sakiTxi kulturaTa/civilizaciaTa iseTi urTierTqmedebis Sesaxeb, romelsac<br />
Sedegad mosdevs axali kulturuli realobis gaCena. warmoiSoba Tu ara kontaqtis<br />
zonebSi kulturebi, romlebic SeiZleba iqcnen axali civilizaciur-kulturuli<br />
tipis safuZvlad? samecniero (maT Soris, uaxles) literaturaSi am kiTxvis<br />
sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvagvar pasuxs vxvdebiT. es sakiTxi metad saintereso <strong>da</strong> aqtualuria<br />
CvenTvisac, radgan qarTuli kultura swored civilizaciaTa kontaqtis zonaSi<br />
yalibdebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> misi istoriis erT etapze mas, TiTqos, gauCn<strong>da</strong> axali civilizaciurkulturuli<br />
tipis safuZvlad qcevis Sansi (vgulisxmobT kavkasiur kulturul<br />
erTobas). am sakiTxze qvemoT gveqneba saubari.<br />
gamoiyofa kulturaTa/civilizaciaTaSorisi urTierTobis sami ZiriTadi tipi: 1.<br />
konfrontacia, 2. simbiozi, 3. sinTezi.<br />
pirveli tipi emyareba ucxo realobis srul uaryofas, sulieri gamocdilebis sxva,<br />
sakuTarisagan gansxvavebuli <strong>for</strong>mebis totalur miuReblobas. es gamocdileba<br />
ganixileba rogorc `ucxo~, `mtruli~, romelic calsaxad un<strong>da</strong> ganidevnos.<br />
meore tipi gulisxmobs viTarebas, roca TiToeuli urTierTmoqmedi mxare inar-<br />
Cunebs sakuTar saxes, ar warmoiSoba axali kulturuli Tvisobrioba, magram kontaqtSi<br />
myof kulturul realobaTa Soris Cndeba sistemuri kavSiri. `gareSe~ kulturuli<br />
realoba kontaqtis monawileTa mier bunebrivad aRiqmeba; aseTi arsebobis winaaRmdegobrioba<br />
ar gaiazreba. simbiozisaTvis <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebelia urTierTmizidvisa <strong>da</strong><br />
urTierTganzidvis winaaRmdegobrivi Serwyma. pirvelis Zala sakmaod didia imisTvis,<br />
72 Королюк В.Д. Основные проблемы формирования контактной зоны в юго-восточной европе и бессинтезного региона в<br />
восточной и центральной Европе. – В кн.: Проблемы социально-экономических формаций. Историко-типологические<br />
исследования. М., 1975, с. 159.<br />
73 Вишняков Я.В. Балканы как цивилизационно-контактная зона (К постановке проблемы). –<br />
http://www.rami.ru/publications/gorchakov/vishniakov.rtf<br />
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