kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
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cvladis roli xSirad ga<strong>da</strong>WarbebiT fasdeba <strong>da</strong>savlel mkvlevarTa mier. magaliTad,<br />
yarabaRis konfliqti warmodgenilia rogorc <strong>da</strong>pirispireba muslim azerbaijanelebsa<br />
<strong>da</strong> qristian somxebs Soris, aseve, CeCneTis omi — <strong>da</strong>pirispireba marTlmadidebel<br />
ruseTsa <strong>da</strong> muslim CeCnebs Soris. magram religia mxolod erT-erTia, <strong>da</strong> Tanac ara<br />
gamnsazRvreli, im faqtorTagan, romlebic gavlenas axdenen politikur <strong>da</strong> socialur<br />
cvlilebebze regionSi 215 . realurad ki, konfliqtebs am regionSi ganapirobebs rTuli<br />
saSinao, kulturuli, regionuli <strong>da</strong> saerTaSoriso faqtorebi. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad imisa, rom<br />
yoveli situacia unikaluria, SeiZleba gamoiyos ramdenime faqtori, romlebic<br />
yvelgan moqmedebs. ZiriTad saSinao <strong>da</strong> kulturul faqtorTa ricxvs ganekuTvneba<br />
sabWoTa memkvidreoba, eTnikuri <strong>da</strong> religiuri gansxvavebani, tranziciis periodis<br />
sirTuleni, korufciis problema, rTuli ekonomikuri mdgomareoba <strong>da</strong> keTildReobis<br />
<strong>da</strong>bali done, rasac xSirad mohyveba Sejibri bunebrivi resursebisaTvis brZolaSi 216 .<br />
swored amitom, avtorebi skeptikurad arian ganwyobili uaxloes momavalSi regionSi<br />
stabiluri situaciis Seqmnis SesaZleblobisadmi, SeniSnaven ra, rom es qveynebi<br />
cdiloben erTdroulad ramdenime urTulesi miznis miRwevas: axali ekonomikuri<br />
sistemis Seqmnas, demokratiuli politikuri institutebis <strong>da</strong>mkvidrebas, axal<br />
nacionalur identurobaTa Camoyalibebas. <strong>da</strong>savleTis qveynebma es gza Tan<strong>da</strong>TanobiT,<br />
aTwleulebis <strong>da</strong>, xan<strong>da</strong>xan, saukuneebis manZilze ganvles, axali saxelmwifoebi ki amis<br />
miRwevas swrafad <strong>da</strong> erTbaSad cdiloben.<br />
mraval avtors eTnikuri mravalferovneba miaCnia ZiriTad saSinao faqtorad,<br />
romelic ganapirobebs <strong>da</strong>Zabulobis warmoSobas. sabWoTa periodSi konfliqtis iseTi<br />
potenciuri katalizatorebi, rogoricaa eTnikuri an religiuri mravalferovneba,<br />
Zlierad iTrgunebo<strong>da</strong>. postsabWoTa periodSi ki umciresobaTa mzardi konfliqturi<br />
ganwyobis mizezi diskriminacia ki ara, jgufuri identurobis gaZliereba iyo 217 .<br />
regionis saxelmwifoebi mravaleTnikuria. bevr maTgans sa<strong>da</strong>vo sazRvrebi aqvs,<br />
romlebic erTmaneTisagan yofen erTsa <strong>da</strong> igive erovnebebs (nationality).<br />
mravali konfliqtis mizezi sabWoTa kavSiris <strong>da</strong>Slamdel periodSi iZebneba.<br />
<strong>da</strong>Slis Semdeg Seqmnili axali saxelmwifoebi sustad momzadebuli iyvnen<br />
<strong>da</strong>moukideblobisaTvis. ama Tu im eTnikur jgufebs gauCn<strong>da</strong>T winaparTa miwi<strong>da</strong>n Sors<br />
yofnis SegrZneba. axal saxelmwifoTa sust centralur xelisuflebas ar SeeZlo am<br />
safrTxeebis kontrolireba. arastabiluroba regionSi axali ambavi ar iyo;<br />
separatistuli moZraobani <strong>da</strong> politikuri gamowvevebi arsebob<strong>da</strong> XX s. <strong>da</strong>sawyisSic.<br />
nacionalurma politikurma miTebma <strong>da</strong> istoriulma mexsierebam biZgi misca eTnikur<br />
konfliqtebs. ramdena<strong>da</strong>c eTnikuri tradiciebi kulturuli identurobis<br />
safuZvelia, imdenadve maT SeuZliaT destruqciuli rolis Sesruleba 218 . mravali<br />
saSinao <strong>da</strong> kulturuli faqtori gareSe ZalTa gavlenisa <strong>da</strong> Carevis SesaZleblobas<br />
qmni<strong>da</strong>, rac kidev ufro amwvaveb<strong>da</strong> konfliqtur situaciebs.<br />
sabWoTa kavSiris <strong>da</strong>Sla <strong>da</strong> konfliqturi identurobebi. konfliqtebis erT-erTi<br />
TvalsaCino wyaro ara marto kavkasiaSi, aramed mTel meore msoflio omisSemdgom<br />
msoflioSi iyo Tav<strong>da</strong>pirveli, Zveli identurobebis gamococxleba — rogoricaa tomi,<br />
eTnikuroba (ethnicity) an religia. es identurobebi arc Tan<strong>da</strong>yolilia <strong>da</strong> arc<br />
statikuri. isini mWidro<strong>da</strong>a <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli socialur <strong>da</strong> politikur <strong>garemo</strong>ebebTan;<br />
kerZod, maT gamococxlebaze did gavlenas axdens politikuri procesebi. eTnikuri<br />
mobilizacia, rogorc wesi, xdeba sxva erTobasTan konfliqtis atmosferoSi. am<br />
215 Crossroads and Conflict. Security and Foreign Policy in the Caucasus and Central Azia. Ed.by Gary K.Bertsch, Cassady Craft,<br />
Scott F.Jones, and Michael Beck. Routledge, New York-London, 2000, p.8.<br />
216<br />
iqve.<br />
217 iqve.<br />
218 iqve, gv.5.<br />
93
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