kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
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mniSvnelovan trasaze: Tbilisi-aleqsandropoli (giumri)-yarsi-erzrumi. seqtantebis<br />
gverdiT, aqac iqmnebo<strong>da</strong> marTlmadidebelTa soflebic.<br />
1835 w. gaCn<strong>da</strong> subotnikebis seqtanturi <strong>da</strong>saxleba elenovka (sevani), 1842 wels —<br />
nikitino (fioletovo), Semdeg voroncovka, voskresenka <strong>da</strong> sxv.<br />
sul XIX s. 30-40-ian wlebSi amierkavkasiaSi gaCn<strong>da</strong> 30-ze meti rusuli <strong>da</strong>saxleba.<br />
TurqeTTan 1853-1856 ww. <strong>da</strong> 1877-1878 ww. omebis Semdeg farTo masStabiT mimdinareob<strong>da</strong><br />
TurqeTi<strong>da</strong>n amierkavkasiaSi somxebis gadmosaxleba, gansakuTrebiT erevnis<br />
guberniasa <strong>da</strong> SavizRvispireTSi. SemoerTebul miwebze rusebisa <strong>da</strong> somxebis<br />
<strong>da</strong>saxlebiT ruseTi am miwa-wylis saboloo Semomtkicebas cdilob<strong>da</strong>.<br />
seqtantebis mimarT nikoloz I represiuli politikis Sedegad, amierkavkasiaSi Tavi<br />
moiyara sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva seqtebma: duxoborebma, moloknebma, xlistebma, subotnikebma,<br />
skopcebma <strong>da</strong> sxv.<br />
rusuli administracia xels uwyob<strong>da</strong> seqtantebis gadmosaxlebis process.<br />
magaliTad, maT di<strong>da</strong>d mfarvelob<strong>da</strong> voroncovi. gansakuTrebiT aqtiuri iyo seqtantTa<br />
Casaxlebis procesi yarsis olqSi 1877-1878 ww. omis Semdeg. ukve XX s. <strong>da</strong>sawyisisaTvis<br />
iq rusuli <strong>mosaxleoba</strong> <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 11.000 kacs Seadgen<strong>da</strong>.<br />
erevnis guberniaSi rusebis ricxvi 4150 iyo, baqos guberniaSi — 11.500, Tbilisis<br />
guberniaSi — 3204, elizavetopolis guberniaSi — 2987.<br />
politikur-ekonomikurna <strong>da</strong> demografiulma procesebma garkveuli gavlena iqonia<br />
rus seqtantTa yofaze. drois Sesabamisad icvleba maTi cxovrebis wesi, faseulobani,<br />
orientacia. maTi mimdevrebis raodenoba klebulobs, radgan Temis axalgazr<strong>da</strong> wevrebi<br />
sacxovreblad ruseTis federaciaSi ga<strong>da</strong>dian. es procesi jer kidev sabWoTa kavSiris<br />
dros <strong>da</strong>iwyo <strong>da</strong> dResac grZeldeba, Tumca es, ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d, socialur-ekonomikuri<br />
faqtorebiTaa ganpirobebuli, <strong>da</strong> ara religiuri SeuwynareblobiT. isic un<strong>da</strong> iTqvas,<br />
rom yofiT nia<strong>da</strong>gze SeiniSneba faruli <strong>da</strong>Zabuolba samcxe-javaxeTSi mcxovreb<br />
duxoborebsa <strong>da</strong> maT mezobel somxebs Soris.<br />
dRes staroverebi arian guriaSi (urek-malTayvis monakveTi), samegrelosa <strong>da</strong> zemo<br />
svaneTSi, aseve Si<strong>da</strong> qarTlSi, centri aqvT TbilisSi. staroverebi Camoyalibdnen<br />
eTnikur-religiur jgufad, magram, Sereuli qorwinebebis gamo, staroveroba<br />
gavrcel<strong>da</strong> qarTvelebSic. amasTan, isini ar ewevian prozelitizms <strong>da</strong> zemoT<br />
<strong>da</strong>saxelebuli SemTxvevebi erTeuli faqtebia. staroverebis, iseve rogorc<br />
duxoborebisa <strong>da</strong> moloknebis religiuri Temebis arseboba saqarTveloSi araviTari<br />
konfliqturi muxtis matarebeli ar aris.<br />
baptizmi saqarTveloSi 1867 wli<strong>da</strong>n vrceldeba. am wels germanelma kolveitma<br />
TbilisSi baptisturi wesiT monaTla molokanTa seqtis yofili wevri n.i.voronini.<br />
1895 wlisaTvis TbilisSi ukve arsebob<strong>da</strong> gavleniani baptisturi religiuri<br />
gaerTianeba, romelsac amierkavkasiasa <strong>da</strong> ruseTSi cnobili baptisti presviterebi<br />
ganagebdnen. didi xnis manZilze baptistTa TemebSi ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d rusi erovnebis<br />
moqalaqeeebi yvnen gaerTianebuli. 1920 wli<strong>da</strong>n baptizmi gavrcelebas iwyebs qarTvel<br />
<strong>mosaxleoba</strong>Sic.<br />
baptistTa msoflio sabWos ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebiT, dRes Tbilisi miCneulia baptizmis<br />
gavrcelebis adgilad yofili sabWoTa kavSiris teritoriaze. amJamad saqarTvelos<br />
yvela regionSi moqmedeben baptistTa samlocvelo saxlebi qarTuli, rusuli, osuri<br />
<strong>da</strong> somxuri religiuri TemebiT. farTovdeba qarTveli baptistebis kavSirebi<br />
baptistTa msoflio gaerTianebebTan. isini ufasod avrceleben religiur<br />
literaturas, exmarebian erTmorwmuneebs 13 .<br />
13<br />
gegeSiZe d. religiuri konfesiebi <strong>da</strong> denominaciebi saqarTveloSi (istoria <strong>da</strong> Tanamedroveoba). —<br />
saqarTvelos mecn. akademiis politologiis institutis weliwdeuli — 2002, Tb., 2002, gv.226-227.<br />
19
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