kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
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mogvarebis gzaze mTavar sirTules qmnis sabWouri memkvidreoba. avtonomiis<br />
SeTavazeba <strong>da</strong> misi ganxorcieleba sulac ar aris erTi <strong>da</strong> igive — rogorc warsulSi,<br />
avtonomia SeiZleba deklarirebuli iyos, magram sxva sakiTxia, ramdenad mza<strong>da</strong>a<br />
centraluri xelisufleba <strong>da</strong>uSvas realuri, <strong>da</strong> ara mxolod Teoriuli avtonomiuri<br />
umciresobebis arseboba Tavis teritoriaze.<br />
dRes arsebuli konfliqtur regionebSi avtonomiis rogorc saxelmwifoebrivi<br />
mowyobis <strong>for</strong>mis mimarT undoblobas konfliqtis monawile yvela mxaris mxriv<br />
vawydebiT. afxazeTisa <strong>da</strong> mTiani yarabaxis konfliqtebis mogvarebis erT-erTi<br />
mTavari sirTule isaa, rom azerbaijani <strong>da</strong> saqarTvelo <strong>da</strong>bejiTebiT moiTxoven<br />
gandgomili teritoriebis <strong>da</strong>brunebas maTi iurisdiqciis qveS, avtonomiis axali<br />
gagebis safuZvelze, romelic gulisxmobs gacilebiT farTo <strong>da</strong> realur avtonomias,<br />
vidre warsulSi iyo; separatistebi ki kategoriulad ewinaRmdegebian am models. isini<br />
cdiloben saerTaSoriso aRiarebis mopovebas gamoyofisa <strong>da</strong> sruli TviTgamorkvevisaTvis.<br />
amrigad, isini uaryofen avtonomias rogorc ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetas <strong>da</strong> sanacvlod<br />
gvTavazoben gamoyofas rogorc ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetas. molaparakebaTa dros isini gamodian<br />
nebismieri iseTi ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetis winaaRmdeg, romelic emyreba `vertikalur~ urTier-<br />
Tobebs — maT subordinacias azerbaijanisa <strong>da</strong> saqarTvelosadmi. maTi azriT,<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>wyveta un<strong>da</strong> emyarebodes `horizontalur~ urTierTobebs statusiT TanasworTa<br />
Soris, erTnairi statusis mqone erTeulTa konfederacias.<br />
niSandoblivia erTi faqtic: azerbaijansa <strong>da</strong> saqarTveloSi cxovrobs sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva<br />
raodenobisa <strong>da</strong> sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva problemis mqone araerTi umciresoba, magram ajanyebuli<br />
aRmoCndnen mxolod avtonomiuri statusis mqoneni. lezgebi, TaliSebi <strong>da</strong> qurTebi<br />
azerbaijanSi, somxebi <strong>da</strong> azerbaijanelebi saqarTveloSi, romelTac ar hqoniaT<br />
avtonomia, gacilebiT naklebaqtiurni iyvnen.<br />
rac Seexeba konfliqtebis mogvarebis realuri gzebis Ziebas, rogorc mkvlevarTa<br />
nawili miiCnevs, pirvel rigSi, aucilebeli iqneba gandgomil umciresobaTa <strong>da</strong>rwmuneba<br />
imaSi, rom miRweuli SeTanxmebebi <strong>da</strong>culi iqneba. samxreT kavkasiaSi eTnikuri<br />
umciresobani gacilebiT mcirericxovanni arian, vidre maTi mezoblebi <strong>da</strong> yofili<br />
siuzerenebi. mag., afxazebi 100,000 arian, qarTvelebi ki 4 milioni. yarabaxeli somxebi —<br />
150,000, azerbaijanelebi — 6 mln. faqti, rom am mcirericxovanma umciresobebma gaimarjves,<br />
aixsneba Si<strong>da</strong>areulobiT saqarTvelosa <strong>da</strong> azerbaijanSi, agreTve, umciresobebis<br />
mxar<strong>da</strong>WeriT ruseTisa <strong>da</strong> somxeTis mier. am saxelmwifoTa <strong>da</strong> sazogadoebaTa<br />
stabilurobis pirobebSi, umciresobebs ar eqnebo<strong>da</strong>T maTTan SeiaraRebuli <strong>da</strong>pirispirebis<br />
SeasaZlebloba. am logikiT, umciresobebs eSiniaT, rom maTi avtonomiuri<br />
statusi Tan<strong>da</strong>TanobiT Seicvleba zewoliT, gamomdinare maTi mcirericxovnebi<strong>da</strong>n.<br />
Tu namdvili mizezi esaa, maSin am dilemis ga<strong>da</strong>wyveta SeiZleba imiT, rom moiZebnos<br />
gzebi am umciresobaTa <strong>da</strong>rwmunebisaTvis, rom maTi uflebebi ar Seilaxeba. saerTa-<br />
Soriso garantiebis Tema kargad un<strong>da</strong> iyos gaazrebuli. jerjerobiT saerTaSoriso<br />
sazogadoeba ver asrulebs ga<strong>da</strong>mwyvet rols regionSi, romelic ruseTis gavlenis<br />
sferod rCeba. amitom rogorc umciresobaTa liderebi, aseve centraluri mTavrobebi<br />
iZulebuli arian mimarTon ruseTs, rogorc garants; magram maT kargad moexsenebaT,<br />
rom ruseTi namdvilad ar aris <strong>da</strong>uinteresebeli <strong>da</strong> obieqturi garanti. igi sakuTari<br />
interesebis <strong>da</strong>cvas cdilobs. bolo wlebis gamocdileba gviCvenebs, rom igi <strong>da</strong>yofisa<br />
<strong>da</strong> batonobis principiT moqmedebs <strong>da</strong> sulac ar eswrafvis konfliqtebis grZelvadian<br />
mogvarebas 214 .<br />
religiis roli <strong>kavkasiis</strong> konfliqtebSi farTo diskusiis sagania <strong>da</strong>savleTSi.<br />
avtorTa nawili Tvlis, rom religiis rogorc stabilurobis ganmsazRvreli<br />
214 Svante E.Cornell. Small Nations and Great Powers. A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflicts in the Caucasus, p.47.<br />
92
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