kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
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konfesiuri niSniT <strong>da</strong>yofis tendencia, risi magaliTicaa kavkasia, balkaneTi Tu<br />
centraluri azia TavianTi lokaluri konfliqtebiT.<br />
atlantistTa mTavari ideologis z.bJezinskis mixedviT, kavkasia satransporto<br />
xazze mdebare <strong>da</strong> geopolitikurad metad mniSvnelovani `evraziuli balkaneTis~<br />
nawilia. igi mniSvnelovani geopolitikuri sivrcea masTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebuli yvela xalxisa<br />
<strong>da</strong> qveynisaTvis.regionSi strategiuli mdebareoba aqvs saqarTvelos, romelic<br />
uxsovari droi<strong>da</strong>n iyo aRmosavleTisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>savleTis, CrdiloeTisa <strong>da</strong> samxreTis<br />
<strong>da</strong>makavSirebeli xidi. z.bJezinskis mixedviT, swored SavizRvispireTze gadis<br />
evraziuli civilizaciis geopolitikuri <strong>da</strong> socialur-kulturuli sazRvrebi. aq<br />
ikveTeba bipolaruli RerZebi <strong>da</strong>savleTi _ aRmosavleTi <strong>da</strong> CrdiloeTi _ samxreTi 151 .<br />
<strong>kavkasiis</strong> konfliqtebma didi politikur-ekonomikuri (kavkasiaSi arsebuli<br />
satransporto qselis rRveva, afxazeTis sarkinigzo bloka<strong>da</strong>) <strong>da</strong> socialur-eTnikuri<br />
(igulisxmeba, pirvel rigSi, migraciuli procesebi) gamoiwvia. ga<strong>da</strong>uWreli<br />
konfliqtebi aferxeben qveynebis politikur-ekonomikur ganviTarebas, iwveven<br />
arastabilurobas, biZgs aZleven organizebul <strong>da</strong>naSaulsa <strong>da</strong> terorizms. es Tavis<br />
mxriv, aisaxeb im did proeqtebze (navTobsadeni, traseka), romlebic kavkasiaSi un<strong>da</strong><br />
ganxorcieldes <strong>da</strong> romlebic am regionSi usafrTxoebisa <strong>da</strong> stabilurobis garantad<br />
gvevlineba.<br />
am konfliqtebis mogvarebaSi CarTulia evrokavSiri, sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva saerTaSoriso<br />
organizacia. isini <strong>da</strong>interesebuli arian regionSi mSvidi <strong>da</strong> stabiluri situaciis<br />
SeqmniT. evrokavSiri amis miRwevas politikuri <strong>da</strong> ekonomikuri saSualebebiT<br />
cdilobs, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi ki _ politikuri <strong>da</strong> samxedro meTodebiT.<br />
aucilebelia imis aRniSvna, rom <strong>kavkasiis</strong> konfliqtebs diferencirebulad un<strong>da</strong><br />
mivudgeT. ar SieZleba CrdiloeT <strong>da</strong> samxreT <strong>kavkasiis</strong> konfliqtebi erT prizmaSi<br />
moiazrebodes mxolod imitom, rom isini kavkasiaSi mimdinareobs. pirvel rigSi, es<br />
saerTaSoriso politikur sarbielze maT<strong>da</strong>mi sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva <strong>da</strong>mokidebulebiT aris<br />
ganpirobebuli. samxreT kavkasiaSi aqtiurad ikveTeba <strong>da</strong>svleTisa <strong>da</strong> aSS interesebi<br />
yvela sferoSi, maSin rodesac CrdiloeT kavkasia ruseTis ganuyofel nawilad<br />
aRiqmeba. amrigad, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom arsebuli politikuri koniunqturi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
gamomdinare, <strong>kavkasiis</strong> erTian regionad ganxilva friad problemuria, Tumca<br />
politologebi ar gamoricxaven amgvar perspeqtivas, Tu ganxorcieldeba Semdegi<br />
pirobebi: 1) kavkasiaSi moqmedi eqstraregionuli Zalebi (ruseTi, irani, TurqeTi, aSS,<br />
evrokavSiri) ga<strong>da</strong>wyveten mWidro TanamSromlobas am regionSi; 2) ruseTis<br />
dezintegraciis procesi gagrZeldeba <strong>da</strong> CrdiloeT kavkasiasac moicavs. sxva<br />
SemTxvevaSi CrdiloeT <strong>da</strong> samxreT kavkasia cal-calke subieqtebad <strong>da</strong>rCebian 152 .<br />
`pro<strong>da</strong>savlur, prorusul <strong>da</strong> pankavkasionistur Tu izolacionistur mimarTulebebs<br />
Soris brZolaSi mtkivneulad mimdinareobs saqarTvelos sagareo politikuri<br />
prioritetebis Camoyalibebis procesi” 153 . samxreT <strong>kavkasiis</strong> saxelmwifoebs am Zalebs<br />
Soris arCevani ukve gakeTebuli aqvT. saqarTvelosa <strong>da</strong> azrbaijanis <strong>da</strong>savluri, xolo<br />
somxeTis gamokveTilad prorusuli orientacia, bunebrivia, gaaZnelebs <strong>kavkasiis</strong><br />
saxelmwifoTa <strong>da</strong>axloebasa <strong>da</strong> erTian kavkasiaze saubars, miT umetes im viTarebaSi,<br />
roca am saxelmwifoebs ruseTisagan provocirebuli konfliqtebi ukve aTeuli welia<br />
mougvarebeli aqvT <strong>da</strong> amis gamo mravali problema aqvT ga<strong>da</strong>sawyveti (ltolvilebi,<br />
samSvidobo Zalebi, separatistuli reJimebi <strong>da</strong> sxv.). Tumca isic un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos, rom<br />
151 Бжезинский З. Великая шахматная доска. М., 1998, с.69-73.<br />
152<br />
utiaSvili S. <strong>kavkasiis</strong> usafrTxoebis perspeqtivebi. “mSvidobiani kavkasia”? — saqarTvelos<br />
strategiuli kvlevevbisa <strong>da</strong> ganviTarebis centris biuleteni, 41, 2000, agvisto, gv.38.<br />
153 iqve.<br />
64
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