kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
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<strong>kavkasiis</strong> <strong>geografiuli</strong> <strong>garemo</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>mosaxleoba</strong><br />
kavkasia geografiulad, eTnikurad, enobrivad, konfesiurad <strong>da</strong> kulturulad<br />
mravalferovani regionia. aq erTmaneTs enacvleba mTagrexilebi, zegnebi, <strong>da</strong>blobebi,<br />
tyeebi, Waobiani velebi, mSrali stepebi, mdinareebi, tbebi. mdebareobam <strong>da</strong><br />
geografiulma <strong>garemo</strong>m mniSvnelovanwilad gansazRvra <strong>kavkasiis</strong> regionis xalxTa<br />
cxovrebis wesi, maTi urTierToba erTmaneTTan <strong>da</strong> garesamyarosTan, maTi istoria.<br />
kavkasias xSirad uwodeben xalxTa muzeums. aq <strong>da</strong>axloebiT 50 sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva xalxi<br />
cxovrobs, <strong>da</strong>wyebuli erTobebiT, romelTa enaze ramdenime aseuli a<strong>da</strong>miani laparakobs,<br />
<strong>da</strong>mTavrebuli didi eTnikuri jgufebiT, romlebic ramdenime milion a<strong>da</strong>mians<br />
aerTianebs. aseTi mravalferovneba kavkasias ZvelTagan mosdgams. plinius umcrosis<br />
sityviT, romaelebs kavkasiaSi 80 Tarjimani sWirdebo<strong>da</strong>T. arabi geografebi ki<br />
kavkasions `enaTa mTas~ uwodebdnen.<br />
kavkasia yovelTvis asruleb<strong>da</strong> mniSvnelovan rols, rogorc <strong>da</strong>makavSirebeli<br />
rgoli evropasa <strong>da</strong> azias Soris. aTasobiT wlis manZilze regioni iyo an <strong>da</strong>pirispirebul<br />
imperiebs Soris buferuli zona an maTi Semadgeneli nawili. uZvelesi<br />
droi<strong>da</strong>n regionSi gadio<strong>da</strong> sazRvrebi, romlebic erTmaneTisagan yof<strong>da</strong> im eTnosTa<br />
gansaxlebis arealebs, xSirad sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva, arcTu iSviaTad _ <strong>da</strong>pirispirebul<br />
kulturul-civilizaciur wreebs rom ekuTvnodnen: aRmosavleT romis imperia,<br />
bizantia, parTia, arabebi, monRolebi, Turqebi, sparseTisa <strong>da</strong> osmalTa imperiebi,<br />
qristianoba <strong>da</strong> islami, sunizmi <strong>da</strong> Siizmi, xalxebi, romlebic ekuTvnodnen kavkasiuriberiul,<br />
Turqul, semitur-qamitur enobriv jgufebs, indoevropuli ojaxis<br />
sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva ganStoebas, erTmaneTs swored aq xvdebodnen.<br />
mTeli Tavisi istoriis manZilze, kavkasia sasazRvro zona (borderland) iyo. aq<br />
erTmaneTs upirispirdebodnen imperiebi, xvdebodnen civilizaciebi <strong>da</strong> religiebi. igi<br />
warmoadgen<strong>da</strong> erTsa <strong>da</strong> imave dros xidsa <strong>da</strong> bariers CrdiloeTsa <strong>da</strong> samxreTs,<br />
aRmosavleTsa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>savleTs Soris. mniSvnelovani geopolitikuri mdebareoba —<br />
istoriulad caristul ruseTs, sefianTa oransa <strong>da</strong> osmanTa imperias, XX saukuneSi ki<br />
regionul Zalebs — ruseTs, iransa <strong>da</strong> TurqeTs Soris, romelTac XXI saukuneSi<br />
<strong>da</strong>savleTis saxelmwifoebi <strong>da</strong> aSS <strong>da</strong>emata, winaaRmdegobrivi Sedegis momtani iyo.<br />
samecniero literaturaSi aRiniSneba, rom <strong>kavkasiis</strong> xalxebma meti <strong>da</strong>karges, vidre<br />
SeiZines TavianTi mniSvnelovani geopolitikuri poziciis gamo.<br />
kavkasia istoriulad mu<strong>da</strong>m CarTuli iyo saerTaSoriso sakomunikacio qselSi.<br />
mxolod sabWoTa kavSiris SemadgenlobaSi yofnisas, romelic `Caketili~ sazogadoebis<br />
kanonebiT cxovrob<strong>da</strong>, igi moklebuli iyo saSualebas, Seesrulebina satransporto<br />
derefnis funqcia, romelic erTmaneTTan <strong>da</strong>akavSireb<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>savleTsa <strong>da</strong> aRmosavleTs,<br />
CrdiloeTsa <strong>da</strong> samxreTs. ssrk-s <strong>da</strong>Slam kvlav SesaZlebeli gaxa<strong>da</strong> aRniSnuli sakiTxis<br />
wamoweva.<br />
dReisaTvis kavkasia evraziis kontinentis erT-erTi im regionTagania, romelsac<br />
ukanasknel aTwleulSi, iugoslaviasTan erTad, yvelaze metad Seexo eTnopolitikuri<br />
konfliqtebi <strong>da</strong> omebi.<br />
samxreT <strong>kavkasiis</strong> eTnolingvisturi <strong>da</strong> religiuri rukis warmodgena Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT<br />
advilia. igi moicavs sam mTavar xalxs: azerbaijanelebs (6 mln), qarTvelebs (4 mln) <strong>da</strong><br />
somxebs (3,5 mln kavkasiaSi), aseve naklebad mravalricxovan xalxebs, romelTa nawili<br />
mkvidri (adgilobrivi warmomavlobis) <strong>mosaxleoba</strong>a. yvela respublika mravaleTnikuria,<br />
mxolod somxeTi midis monoeTnikurobis gziT: 95% somxebi, 2% rusebi <strong>da</strong> 2%-<br />
ze naklebi iezidi qurTebi — erTaderTi mniSvnelovani eTnikuri umciresoba.<br />
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