kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
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megruli. rac Seexeba lazurs, igi megrulis dialeqta<strong>da</strong>a miCneuli <strong>da</strong> ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d<br />
TurqeTSia gavrcelebuli. saqarTveloSi am enaze mxolod erT sofelSi — sarfSi —<br />
laparakoben.<br />
ena iyofa dialeqtebad. sakuTriv qarTulSi 17 dialeqtia. dialeqtebSi gamoiyofa<br />
kiloebi.<br />
saqarTvelo Tavisi <strong>geografiuli</strong> mdebareobiTa <strong>da</strong> istoriiT tradiciulad<br />
polieTnikuri qveyanaa. 1989 wlis aRweris monacemebiT, saqarTveloSi 90-ze meti<br />
erovnebis warmomadgeneli cxovrob<strong>da</strong>. saqarTvelos mosaxleobis saerTo raodenoba<br />
iyo 5,4 milioni a<strong>da</strong>miani. eTnikuri umciresoba Seadgen<strong>da</strong> mTeli mosaxleobis 29,87%.<br />
yvelaze didi iyo somxuri saTvistomo (437 aTasi a<strong>da</strong>miani, 8,1%); rusuli (341 aTasi,<br />
6,3%); azerbaijanuli (307,6 aTasi, 5,7%), osuri (164,1 aTasi, 3,5%), berZnuli (100,3<br />
aTasi, 1,8%).<br />
eqspertTa SeafsebiT, 2002 wlisaTvis mosaxleobis saerTo raodenoba 4,6 milion<br />
a<strong>da</strong>mianamde Semcir<strong>da</strong> (afxazeTisa <strong>da</strong> cxinvalis regionis gareSe — 4,3 milionamde).<br />
rogorc vxe<strong>da</strong>vT, 13 wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos <strong>mosaxleoba</strong> 1/5-iT Semcir<strong>da</strong>.<br />
qarTvelebis ricxvi saqarTveloSi 1989 wels 3,7 milions udri<strong>da</strong> — 83,8%), bolo<br />
aRweramde ki (2002 w.) 3,3%-iT Semcir<strong>da</strong>, anu saqarTvelos mosaxleobis kleba<br />
ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d sxva erovnebebis xarjze mox<strong>da</strong>. amitom satitulo eris wili saerTo<br />
maCvenebelSi 70,1%-<strong>da</strong>n 83,8%-mde gaizar<strong>da</strong>. eTnikuri umciresobebis procentuli<br />
raodenobac 15,9%-mde Semcir<strong>da</strong>. maT Soris somxebi Seadgenen 220 aTass (5,5%), rusebi<br />
85 aTass (2,1%), azerbaijanelebi 200 aTass (5,0%), osebi 38 aTass (0,9%), berZnebi 21<br />
aTass (0,5%). 2004 wlis ivlisisaTvis saqarTvelos <strong>mosaxleoba</strong> Seadgen<strong>da</strong> 4.693.892<br />
a<strong>da</strong>mians, aqe<strong>da</strong>n qarTvelebi _ 70,1%, somxebi — 8,1%, rusebi — 6,3%, azerbaijanelebi —<br />
5,7%, osebi — 3%, afxazebi — 1,8%, sxvebi — 5%.<br />
gansxvavebulia qarTvelebis xvedriTi wili saqarTvelos sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva mxareSi.<br />
<strong>da</strong>savleT saqarTvelos provinciebSi qarTvelTa xvedriTi wili Zalian maRalia, iseve<br />
rogorc aRmosavleT saqarTvelos zogierT raionSi. samcxeSi aRniSnuli maCvenebeli<br />
73%-ia, qvemo qarTlSi — 44%, javaxeTSi ki — mxolod 3%. 2002 wlis monacemebiT,<br />
saqarTvelos iurisdicqiaSi myofi 59 raioni<strong>da</strong>n qarTvelebi umravlesobas<br />
Seadgendnen 53-Si. axlaqalaqisa <strong>da</strong> ninowmindis raionebSi, agreTve walkaSi (berZnebis<br />
emigraciis Semdeg) didi umravlesoba somxebia, xolo marneulis, bolnisisa <strong>da</strong><br />
dmanisis raionebSi — azerbaijanelebi.<br />
cxinvalisa <strong>da</strong> afxazeTis cnobili movlenebis Semdeg saqarTveloSi 286 aTasi<br />
iZulebiT ga<strong>da</strong>adgilebuli piria. gar<strong>da</strong> amisa, saqarTvelo<strong>da</strong>n 100 aTasamde ltolvili<br />
saqarTvelos farglebs gareT cxovrobs.<br />
qarTvelebs ara aqvT mravalricxovani <strong>da</strong> Zlieri diasporebi sazRvargareT. 1989<br />
wels sxva sabWoTa respublikebSi cxovrob<strong>da</strong> 194 aTasi qarTveli. mokavSire<br />
respublikebi<strong>da</strong>n yvelaze meti qarTveli cxovrob<strong>da</strong> ruseTSi (130 aTasi), ukrainaSi (23<br />
aTasi), azerbaijanSi (14 aTasi, aqe<strong>da</strong>n 12 aTasi saingiloSi, Tumca am maCvenebelSi<br />
igulisxmeba mxolod qristiani ingiloebi, _ muslimi ingiloebi, romelTa raodenoba<br />
gacilebiT metia, azerbaijanelebad iwerebian).<br />
TurqeTsa <strong>da</strong> iranSi mcxovreb qarTvelTa raodenobis <strong>da</strong>dgena SeuZlebelia, radgan<br />
iq mosaxleobis aRwera erovnebis <strong>da</strong>fiqsirebas ar iTvaliswinebs. varaudoben, rom<br />
TurqeTSi mcxovreb qarTvelTa raodenoba (lazebTan erTad) 500 aTasi un<strong>da</strong> iyos<br />
(igulisxmeba isini, romelTac SenarCunebuli aqvT ena <strong>da</strong> Tavs Turqebad ar Tvlian).<br />
fereidneli qarTvelebis saerTo raodenoba 225 aTasi un<strong>da</strong> iyos. evropasa <strong>da</strong> amerikaSi<br />
mcxovreb qarTvelTa raodenoba 1990-ian wlebamde 5-6 aTas kacs ar aRematebo<strong>da</strong>. 90-ian<br />
wlebSi qveyana, savaraudod, 350-400 aTasma qarTvelma <strong>da</strong>tova.<br />
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