kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
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erTiani <strong>kavkasiis</strong> idea istoriul WrilSi: <strong>kavkasiis</strong> gaerTianebis<br />
mcdeloba XI-XII saukuneebSi, misi ideologiuri momzadeba <strong>da</strong><br />
praqtikuli ganxorcielebis gzaze ga<strong>da</strong>dgmuli nabijebi. ideis<br />
perioduli gamococxleba momdevno saukuneebSi (XIV-XV ss., XVIII s.).<br />
<strong>kavkasiis</strong>a <strong>da</strong> misi calkeuli nawilebis civilizaciuri kuTvnilebis sakiTxze<br />
Tanamedrove samecniero literaturaSi sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva mosazrebas vxvdebiT. erTi<br />
Tvalsazrisis Tanaxmad, garkveul kriteriumebze <strong>da</strong>yrdnobiT, SeiZleba visaubroT<br />
kavkasiaze, rogorc Tavisebur civilizaciaze, subcivilizaciaze an kulturul<br />
erTobaze ufro gabedulni — ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d, politikosebi an politikur wreebTan<br />
<strong>da</strong>kavSirebulni — politikuri erTobis SesaZleblobebzec saubroben, romelsac<br />
safuZvlad kulturuli <strong>da</strong> civilizaciuri erToba edo an SeiZleba <strong>da</strong>edos. magram<br />
<strong>kavkasiis</strong> xalxTa istoria ufro kavkasiuri erTobis gegmaTa ganxorcielebis<br />
warumatebel mcdelobebs warmogvidgens, vidre warmatebuls.<br />
am TvalsazrisiT, sainteresoa saqarTvelos istoriis erTi monakveTis ganxilva,<br />
romelic swored gamonaklisia am warumatebel mcdelobaTa Soris. saubaria XI-XII<br />
saukuneebis politikur-kulturul viTarebaze; im dros, TiTqos, isaxeba is erToba,<br />
romelic SeiZleba erTiani kulturuli sivrcis saxeliT aRiniSnos. ufro metic, _<br />
xdeba am erTobis politikuri realizaciac. marTalia, es xanmokle periodia, magram<br />
igi did gavlenas axdens <strong>kavkasiis</strong> xalxTa Semdgom istoriaze.<br />
rogorc cnobilia, XI-XII saukuneebi erT-erTi mniSvnelovani periodia saqar-<br />
Tvelos istoriaSi. `am dros ara marto `saqarTvelo~ _ axali qveyana _ warmoiqmna,<br />
aramed Caisaxa kidev ufro didi samyaro _ kavkasia. mas jer istoriul-<strong>geografiuli</strong><br />
saxelic ki ar hqon<strong>da</strong>, magram yvelafri<strong>da</strong>n Can<strong>da</strong>, rom misi saxeli `saqarTvelove~<br />
iqnebo<strong>da</strong>... am qveyanaSi ara marto <strong>kavkasiis</strong> samxreTi <strong>da</strong> aRmosavleTi (somxiTi, Sirvani),<br />
aramed mTis iqiTi kavkasionic (<strong>da</strong>Restan-CeCneTi, oseTi, CerqezeTi) aqtiurad monawileobdnen.<br />
iqmnebo<strong>da</strong> didi `msoflio~, romlis maorganizebeli centri saqarTvelo<br />
iyo” 109 .<br />
aRniSnul periodSi Camoyalib<strong>da</strong> cneba `saqarTvelo~, rogorc kulturulpolitikuri<br />
<strong>da</strong> socialur-ekonomikuri erTobis aRmniSvneli termini. `saqarTvelo<br />
ewodebo<strong>da</strong> im teritorias, sa<strong>da</strong>c politikur <strong>da</strong> kulturul mflobelobasTan erTad,<br />
qarTveli xalxisaTvis <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebeli socialur-ekonomikuri urTierTobani<br />
vrceldebo<strong>da</strong>” 110 , `qarTvelad~ ki moiazrebo<strong>da</strong> yvela is, `vinc, miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad misi<br />
eTnikuri warmomavlobisa, aRiareb<strong>da</strong> qarTul (diofizitur) qristianobas, naziarebi<br />
iyo qarTul feo<strong>da</strong>lur urTierTobebs <strong>da</strong> moRvaweob<strong>da</strong> qarTul politikur <strong>da</strong><br />
kulturul sarbielze” 111 . am sarbielis farglebSi Tan<strong>da</strong>Tan mTeli kavkasia eqceo<strong>da</strong>.<br />
`axali qveynis~ gaerTianeba qarTuli enis safuZvelze mimdinareob<strong>da</strong>, romelic im<br />
periodSi <strong>kavkasiis</strong> masStabiT universaluri saRvTismsaxuro enis funqcias asruleb<strong>da</strong>.<br />
Tu paralels gavavlebT sxva kulturul erTobaTa (civilizaciaTa, subcivilizaciaTa)<br />
Camoyalibebis procesTan, un<strong>da</strong> gavixsenoT, rom, magaliTad, <strong>da</strong>savleTis,<br />
rogorc erTiani kulturuli sivrcisa <strong>da</strong> calke civilizaciis Camoyalibebas xeli<br />
Seuwyo laTinuris _ universaluri saeklesio enis _ primatma <strong>da</strong>savleT qristianuli<br />
qveynebisaTvis. swored aseve, SeiZleba arabuli enis analogiur rolze saubari muslimuri<br />
aRmosavleTisaTvis. rogorc Cans, qarTuli ena igive rolis Sesrulebas iwyeb<strong>da</strong><br />
kavkasiaSi. agiografiuli literaturis, matianeebis, epigrafikuli <strong>da</strong> xuroTmoZ-<br />
Rvruli Zeglebis Seswavla cxadyofs, rom XI-XII saukuneebSi qarTuli ena <strong>da</strong> kultura<br />
109 berZeniSvili n. saqarTvelos istoriis sakiTxebi. w. VIII, Tb., 1975, gv.643.<br />
110<br />
iqve, gv.397.<br />
111<br />
iqve, gv.299.<br />
49
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