kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
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varT, situaciiT, romelSic Cven vimyofebiT. problemebi, romelTac istorikosTa<br />
mier muSavdeba, Cveni (sakuTari) kulturis aqtualuri problemebia.<br />
`sxva epoqaTa, sazogadoebaTa <strong>da</strong> kulturaTa a<strong>da</strong>mianebs Cven vusvamT `Cvens~<br />
kiTxvebs <strong>da</strong> vcdilobT, miviRoT maTgan `maTi~ pasuxebi, radgan dialogi mxolod am<br />
SemTxvevaSia SesaZlebeli” 32 .<br />
bunebrivia, Cven vxe<strong>da</strong>vT sxva kulturas (an sxva epoqis Cvensave kulturas) ara ise,<br />
rogorc igi sakuTar Tavs gaiazreb<strong>da</strong>. kulturis kategoriebi, maxasiaTeblebi,<br />
romlebiTac Cven masze vmsjelobT, `ar aris Tavad cocxali, xorcSesxmuli kultura;<br />
es mxolod kulturis cocxal sxeulze <strong>da</strong>debuli erTgvari koordinatTa sistemaa,<br />
romlis analizi ver Secvlis kulturis realuri funqciobisa <strong>da</strong> moZraobis<br />
Seswavlas” 33 .<br />
Cven vagebT mxolod models <strong>da</strong> es kulturis kvlevis erT-erTi gzaa, romlis<br />
absolutizacia iseTive Secdoma iqnebo<strong>da</strong>, rogorc misi ugulebelyofa. es swored is<br />
gzaa, romelsac iyenebs istoriuli kulturologia, gansxvavebiT `wmin<strong>da</strong>~ istoriuli<br />
mecnierebisagan, romelic am modelis realur funqciobas, mis dinamikas swavlobs. es<br />
ori gza avsebs <strong>da</strong> azustebs erTmaneTs. istoriul-kulturologiuri kvleva SesaZlebelia<br />
mxolod saistorio mecnierebis monacemebze <strong>da</strong>yrdnobiT. Tavis mxriv, amgvari<br />
kvlevis Sedegebis gaTvaliswineba istorikoss warsulis suraTis `gacocxlebis~,<br />
sakvlev sakiTxTa mkafiod gansazRvrisa <strong>da</strong> sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva xasiaTis aRrevaTa Tavi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
acilebis SesaZleblobas aZlevs.<br />
axla SevexoT civilizaciis cnebas.<br />
rogorc samecniero literaturaSi aRiniSneba, dRes `civilizacia~ dominirebad<br />
kulturul-istoriul kategoriad iqca. yuradReba xalxebi<strong>da</strong>n <strong>da</strong> qveynebi<strong>da</strong>n ga<strong>da</strong>tanil<br />
iqna ufro did struqturebsa <strong>da</strong> procesebze, romlebic civilizaciis<br />
masStabebSi Tavsdeba. o.anderles sityviT, kvlevis miznad iqceva ara imis garkveva, Tu<br />
ra xdebo<strong>da</strong>, aramed rogor xdebo<strong>da</strong>, anu procesebis warmmarTveli kanonzomierebebis<br />
Seswavla. <strong>da</strong>ukmayofileblobis grZnoba gveufleba imis gamo, rom viciT `sul ufro<br />
meti sul ufro naklebis Sesaxeb~, sakmaod viciT ra `xeebis~ Sesaxeb, sul ufro naklebi<br />
viciT `tyeze” 34 .<br />
izrdeba interesi lokaluri civilizaciebisadmi, romelTa urTierToba arsebiT<br />
gavlenas axdens msoflio istoriul procesze. interesis zr<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>kavSirebulia, erTi<br />
mxriv, `civilizaciaTa Sejaxebis~ molodinTan, misi safrTxis gacnobierebasTan, meore<br />
mxriv _ sworxazobrivi civilizaciuri modelebis, maT Soris, marqsistuli <strong>for</strong>maciuli<br />
Teoriis kritikasTan.<br />
amdenad, civilizaciis fenomenisadmi interesis zr<strong>da</strong> ganpirobebulia rogorc<br />
wmin<strong>da</strong> akademiuri, aseve praqtikuli interesiT.<br />
termin `civilizaciis~ <strong>da</strong>mamkvidreblis pativs dRemde erTmaneTs ecilebian<br />
frangebi <strong>da</strong> ingliselebi. orive enaSi zmna `civiliser~ — `to civilize~ <strong>da</strong> zmnize<strong>da</strong> `civilisé~ —<br />
`civilized~ Sesabamis arsebiT saxelze bevrad adre gaCn<strong>da</strong>.<br />
im dros, roca warmoiSva termini `civilizacia~, a<strong>da</strong>mianTa sazogadoebis istoriis<br />
Semecneba im safexurze idga, romelic ayalibeb<strong>da</strong> warmodgenas erTian <strong>da</strong> erTgvarovan<br />
sakacobrio civilizaciaze, <strong>da</strong> ara relativistur Tvalsazriss eTnikur an istoriulad<br />
arsebul civilizaciebze. mis safuZvlad <strong>da</strong> saTaved cxaddebo<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>grovili<br />
gamocdileba, miwis sakuTreba, a<strong>da</strong>mianis mijaWva miwaze, vaWroba, simdidris <strong>da</strong>groveba<br />
an romelime sxva faqtori, pirvel rigSi — a<strong>da</strong>mianis gonebis srulyofa. civilizaciis<br />
32 Гуревич А.Я. Указ. соч., с.8.<br />
33<br />
iqve, gv.12.<br />
34 Anderle O. Sorokin and Cultural Morphology. - Pitirim Sorokin in Review. Durham (NC), 1963, p. 96.<br />
29
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