kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
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xazgasmiT un<strong>da</strong> aRiniSnos, rom Tavi<strong>da</strong>nve gansazRvruli un<strong>da</strong> iyos definiciis<br />
pirobiToba, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi konfesiuri niSniT sazogadoebebis klasificireba<br />
kvlevis procesSi uxeS uzustobebamde migviyvans. muslimTa calkeuli jgufebi<br />
cdiloben xazi gausvan <strong>da</strong> axleburad gaiazron `ummasa~ <strong>da</strong> `<strong>da</strong>r al-islamis~ (“islamis<br />
miwa”) cnebebi. `arabi erTi eria <strong>da</strong> mas maradiuli misia aqvs~, _ ambobs siriis<br />
konstitucia, Tumca, kargad Tu <strong>da</strong>vakvirdebiT, TviT saudel <strong>da</strong> siriel arabebs<br />
Sorisac sakmaod did sxvaobas aRmovaCenT. muslimTa erTianobis miTi mahmadianTa<br />
masiuri piligrimobis adgilas _ meqaSive imsxvreva xolme yovelwliurad: hajis<br />
ritualis Sesasruleblad zu(a)l-hijas TveSi mosalocad Casuli aTobiT muslimi<br />
kvdeba Tanamorwmunis xeliT, uTanxmoebiT gamowveul SetakebebSi. maSasa<strong>da</strong>me,<br />
muslimuri samyaro, romlis nawilad Tavs miiCnevs kavkasielTa sakmaod didi nawili,<br />
sulac ar aris monoliTuri <strong>da</strong> isic, qristianobis msgavsad (am sityvis farTo <strong>da</strong><br />
zogadi gagebiT), uamravi, xSirad urTierTsawinaaRmdego mimdinareobisa <strong>da</strong> variaciis<br />
didi mozaikaa.<br />
rac Seexeba kulturul identurobas, mas Cven, faqtobrivad, eTnikuri identurobis<br />
farTo mniSvnelobiT vxmarobT, gamomdinare iqi<strong>da</strong>n, rom eTnikuri identurobis<br />
safuZveli sxva araferia, Tu ara kultura.<br />
religiuri <strong>da</strong> kulturuli identurobis sakiTxis simwvave mravalma mizezma<br />
ganapiroba. rogorc zemoT iTqva, pirovnebis identuroba mis mier erTdroulad<br />
sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva socialuri rolis SesrulebaSi gamoixateba. individis mier socialurkulturuli<br />
nimuSebis, normebis, Rirebulebebis aTviseba <strong>da</strong> gaziareba, sakuTari<br />
adgilis <strong>da</strong>mkvidreba ar aris erTgvarovani procesi <strong>da</strong> garkveuli cvlilebebiTac<br />
xasiaTdeba. amasTan <strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT, mecnierebi gamoyofen identurobis <strong>da</strong>kargvis,<br />
Selaxvis SesaZleblobas. am kriziss xSirad ganapirobebs socialur-kulturuli<br />
<strong>garemo</strong>s mkveTri Secvla. rodesac individis maidentificirebeli rolebi icvleba<br />
drosa <strong>da</strong> sivrceSi, maSin iwyeba krizisi, sakuTari Tavis xelaxla aRmoCenis,<br />
TviT<strong>da</strong>mkvidrebis mtkivneuli problema. am procesma SeiZleba masStaburi xasiaTi<br />
miiRos. identurobis meqanizmi ga<strong>da</strong>mwyvet rols asrulebs socialuri struqturis,<br />
kulturuli tradiciebis SenarCunebisa <strong>da</strong> ga<strong>da</strong>cemis procesSi. am sakiTxTan<br />
<strong>da</strong>kavSirebiT mravali istoriuli magaliTis moZieba SeiZleba.<br />
eTnikuri <strong>da</strong> religiuri identurobis sakiTxi gansakuTrebiT gamZafr<strong>da</strong> meore<br />
msoflio omis Semdeg, dekolonizaciis fonze. im droisaTvis orive banaki mixv<strong>da</strong>, rom<br />
antikoloniuri ajanyebebis CaxSoba metismetad did resursebsa <strong>da</strong> sisxls iTxov<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong><br />
sjob<strong>da</strong>, aqcenti ideologiuri <strong>da</strong> ekonomikuri eqspaniis gaZlierebaze gaekeTebinaT.<br />
1956 wlis suec-sinais samxedro kampaniis kraxma sabolood miaxvedra zesaxelmwifoebi<br />
am realobas. 50-iani wlebis bolosaTvis safrangeTic <strong>da</strong>rwmun<strong>da</strong> CrdiloeT afrikaSi<br />
franko-muslimuri sazogadoebis <strong>for</strong>mirebis utopiurobaSi _ alJireli aRarasodes<br />
CaTvli<strong>da</strong> Tavs frangad. samociani wlebi<strong>da</strong>n gaaqtiurebul ara<strong>da</strong>savlur centrebs<br />
samarTliani pretenzia gauCn<strong>da</strong>T sakuTari tradiciebisa <strong>da</strong> faseulobebis<br />
unikalurobaze <strong>da</strong>, rig SemTxvevebSi, universalurobazec ki. koloniuri sistemis<br />
rRvevam bevri moiyola nangrevebSi, imdroindel konfliqtebi mravalplaniani iyo:<br />
eTnikuri (1967-70 wlebis nigeria), teritoriuli konfliqtebi, sa<strong>da</strong>c religiuri<br />
identuroba mniSvnelovan rols TamaSob<strong>da</strong> (<strong>da</strong>pirispireba palestinis miwaze,<br />
indoeTis <strong>da</strong> pakistanis omebi 1948—49, 1965 <strong>da</strong> 1971 wlebSi), samoqalaqo (kviprosis<br />
krizisi 1960-ian wlebSi) <strong>da</strong>pirispirebani <strong>da</strong> a.S.<br />
SeiZleba garkveuli paralelis gavleba imdroindel afrika-aRmosavleTsa <strong>da</strong> 90-<br />
iani wlebis kavkasias Soris. orive SemTxvevaSi didi Zvrebi mox<strong>da</strong> msoflio politikaSi.<br />
90-ian wlebSi erTi imperiis adgilze erTbaSad TxuTmeti <strong>da</strong>moukidebeli respublikis<br />
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