kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
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cxovroben, arsebobs gamokveTili religiuri gansxvaveba. amasTanave, im faqtorma, rom<br />
aWarlebsa <strong>da</strong> qarTvelebs aqvT saerTo ena <strong>da</strong> identurobis sxva mravali saerTo<br />
elementi, <strong>da</strong> gamonakliss mxolod religia warmoadgens, xeli Seuwyo Tbilissa <strong>da</strong><br />
baTums Soris konfliqtis eskalaciis Tavi<strong>da</strong>n acilebas. meore mxriv, samxreT osebi<br />
orTodoqsi qristianebi arian, iseve rogorc afxazTa umravlesoba; Tumca maT<br />
qarTvelebisagan eTnikuri identurobis sxva determinantebi ganasxvavebs. am faqtoris<br />
miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad, konfliqti saqarTvelos centralur xelisuflebasa <strong>da</strong> am teritoriebs<br />
Soris mwvave <strong>da</strong> sastiki iyo. omi afxazeTSi periodulad, TiTqos, mogvarebisken midis,<br />
magram xan<strong>da</strong>xan iseTive Znelad mosagvarebeli Cans, rogorc CeCneTisa <strong>da</strong> mTiani<br />
yarabaRis konfliqtebi. afxazeTi erTaderTia xuT konfliqts Soris, sa<strong>da</strong>c 1998 wlis<br />
maisSi saomari moqmedebebi ganaxl<strong>da</strong>.<br />
somxuri sazogadoebrivi azri, sxva kavkasieli erebis msgavsad, sakmaod mZime<br />
koloniuri warsuliT <strong>da</strong> mogonebebiT Seegeba axal, postsabWoTa epoqas. bunebrivia<br />
aqac gamZafr<strong>da</strong> nacionalisturi tendenciebi, romelic mu<strong>da</strong>m orientirebuli iyo<br />
<strong>da</strong>karguli `didi armeniis~ aRdgenisaken; anu imdroindeli somxuri sazogadoeba<br />
TviTidentificirebas ufro fiqtiur, sul mcire, mravali Taobis win arsebulTan<br />
axden<strong>da</strong>, <strong>da</strong> ara im axladgamoCekil saxelmwifosa <strong>da</strong> mis sazRvrebTan, romlis<br />
farglebSic suverenuli qveynis mSenebloba un<strong>da</strong> warmarTuliyo. 1990 wlis pirveli<br />
saparlamento arCevnebic somxurma nacionalurma moZraobam moigo, romelmac<br />
`miacum”-is doqtrina, anu yarabaRisa <strong>da</strong> anatoliis SemoerTebis idea wamoayena.<br />
SeiZleba iTqvas, umetesi wili erovnuli TviTgamorkvevisa yarabaRis somxobis<br />
erovnuli interesebis <strong>da</strong>cvisaken iyo mimarTuli.<br />
Tavad arwaxis, igive yarabaRis sakiTxi somxeTis <strong>da</strong>moukideblobis mopovebamde,<br />
1988 wels gamZafr<strong>da</strong>, rodesac adgilobrivma xelisuflebam azerbaijanisa <strong>da</strong> moskovis<br />
politikur centrebs avtonomiis sabWoTa somxeTSi gaerTianeba mosTxoves. am movlenam<br />
<strong>da</strong> misma Sedegebma, SeiZleba iTqvas, mTlianad gansazRvra somxuri sazogadoebis<br />
Semdgomi ganviTarebis xasiaTi. gansakuTrebiT esmebo<strong>da</strong> xazi 1921 w. stalinis<br />
meTaurobiT komunisturi mTavrobis mier yarabaRis teritoriis azerbaijanisTvis<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>cemas, aseve 1915 wlis genocids, romelis msxverplis ricxvi, somxuri wyaroebiT,<br />
2,000,000-mde iyo gazviadebuli 223 . swored amis gamo, yarabaRis omSi somxis mier<br />
azerbaijaneli TurqTan iyo gaigivebuli <strong>da</strong> dRemde asea. mTiani yarabaRis avantiuram<br />
somxeTs cocxali Zalis didi <strong>da</strong>nakargi, ekonomikuri bloka<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> ekonomikuri<br />
uperspeqtivoba moutana, aseve asobiT aTasi somxis emigraciaSi wasvla. miuxe<strong>da</strong>vad<br />
amisa, 90-iani wlebis paTosi, Tun<strong>da</strong>c qarTuli sazogadoebisagan gansxvavebiT, dRemde<br />
SenarCunebulia. amaSi ga<strong>da</strong>mwyvet rols usafrTxoebis momenti TamaSobs: somexi<br />
sakuTari kulturuli TavisTavadobisa <strong>da</strong> memkvidreobis SenarCunebis umTavres<br />
garants, sakuTari identurobis usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofis saSualebas<br />
antiTurqul ZalaSi xe<strong>da</strong>vs, iqneba es qristianuli ruseTis federacia Tu (uares<br />
SemTxvevaSi) iranis islamur respublika. es, albaT, kvlav mZime koloniuri warsuliT<br />
azrovnebis nayofia, rac, zoga<strong>da</strong>d, mTeli regionisaTvisaa <strong>da</strong>maxasiaTebeli.<br />
religiuri konfliqtebis ganmsazRvreli faqtorebis urTierTSe<strong>da</strong>rebisas, Znelia<br />
romelime konfliqtis gansazRvra romelime maTganiT. faqtia, rom arc erT Sem-<br />
TxvevaSi, konfliqtSi monawile romelime mxare ar mimarTav<strong>da</strong> religiur azrovnebas<br />
konfliqturi qcevis legitimaciisaTvis. Tumca isic un<strong>da</strong> iTqvas, rom meomar mxareTa<br />
garkveulma <strong>da</strong>jgufebebma mimarTes religiis eqstremistul interpretacias. es<br />
223<br />
arnold jozef toinbi, romelic im droisTvis britaneTis sagareo saqmeTa saministrosTvis<br />
sa<strong>da</strong>zvervo samuSaoebs atareb<strong>da</strong> regionSi, yvelaze sando in<strong>for</strong>matorad saxeldeba. misi<br />
gamoTvlebiTa <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>kvirvebiT, anatoliaSi 1915 wlisaTvis 1,800,000 somexs un<strong>da</strong> ecxovra.<br />
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