kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
kavkasiis geografiuli garemo da mosaxleoba - Center for Social ...
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TavianTi naSromi. amjerad definiciaTa ricxvi gacilebiT didi iyo, radgan pirveli<br />
gamocemi<strong>da</strong>n gasuli aTi wlis ganmavlobaSi gaCn<strong>da</strong> kulturis cnebis axali<br />
interpretaciebi. kulturis gansazRvrebaTa es mimoxilva yvelaze sruli iyo imJamad<br />
arsebulTagan, Tumca zogierTi nakli mainc hqon<strong>da</strong>: avtorebi, ZiriTa<strong>da</strong>d, inglisuramerikul<br />
literaturaSi arsebuli midgomebiT ifarglebodnen <strong>da</strong> nakleb yuradRebas<br />
aqcevdnen germanul <strong>da</strong> frangulenovan literaturaSi arsebul mravalferovan<br />
gansazRvrebebsa <strong>da</strong> koncefciebs.<br />
droTa ganmavlobaSi Camoyalib<strong>da</strong> kulturis sxva<strong>da</strong>sxvagvari interpretacia:<br />
istoriuli, struqturuli, struqturul-funqciuri, sistemuri (f.boasi, k.levistrosi,<br />
b.malinovski, a.radklif-brauni, l.uaiti) <strong>da</strong> sxv.<br />
kulturis fenomeni sxva<strong>da</strong>sxva mecnierebis Seswavlis obieqtia. TviT cnebis<br />
universaluroba <strong>da</strong> yovlismomcveloba saSualebas iZleva, ganvixiloT igi mraval<br />
aspeqtSi: rogorc sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis sfero; socialuri instituti;<br />
pirovnebis ganviTarebis donis maxasiaTebeli; sazogadoebis maregulirebeli<br />
normebis sistema; socialuri gamocdilebis ga<strong>da</strong>cemis meqanizmi; TviTdeterminaciis<br />
fenomeni <strong>da</strong> a.S. amdenad, sruliad bunebrivia gansazRvrebaTa zemoT naxsenebi<br />
simravlec.<br />
farTo azriT, kulturis cneba xazs usvams a<strong>da</strong>mianis gansxvavebas yvela sxva<br />
biologiuri arsebisagan. kulturaSi igulisxmeba ara calkeuli SemoqmedebiTi aqti,<br />
aramed Semoqmedeba rogorc a<strong>da</strong>mianis universaluri <strong>da</strong>mokidebuleba samyarosadmi,<br />
romlis meSveobiT igi qmnis `axal samyaros~ <strong>da</strong> sakuTar Tavs. TiToeuli kultura<br />
ganumeorebeli samyaroa, romlis SigniT arsebobs a<strong>da</strong>mianis (a<strong>da</strong>mianTa) swored aseTi<br />
<strong>da</strong>mokidebuleba <strong>garemo</strong>mcveli sinamdvilisa <strong>da</strong> sakuTari Tavisadmi.<br />
SeiZleba CamovTvaloT mravali saintereso <strong>da</strong> originaluri definicia, magram es<br />
Sors wagviyvans <strong>da</strong> Cveni kvlevis mizansac scildeba. kulturis cnebis nebismieri<br />
gansazRvreba moicavs am fenomenis erT an ramdenime mxares, avtoris interesisa <strong>da</strong><br />
kvlevis obieqti<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare. yovlismomcvelobisa <strong>da</strong> amomwuraobis pretenzia ki<br />
verc erTs ver eqneba. kvlevis procesSi vsargeblobT e.w. samuSao gansazRvrebebiT,<br />
romlebic Seesabameba Cveni konkretuli muSaobis mizans. am SemTxvevaSi, qarTul<br />
kulturaze saubrisas, <strong>da</strong>vkmayofildebiT im uzogadesi gansazRvrebiT, romelic<br />
saSualebas mogvcems, masSi vigulisxmoT qarTvelTa mier saukuneebis manZilze<br />
Seqmnili `meore buneba~, romelic, Tavis mxriv, Tavad ayalibeb<strong>da</strong> Taobebs <strong>da</strong><br />
ganapirobeb<strong>da</strong> qarTvelebad maT TviTidentificirebas.<br />
kulturis kvlevis, misi saxis gansazRvris mcdelobisas mxedvelobaSi un<strong>da</strong><br />
gvqondes is <strong>garemo</strong>eba, rom, erTi mxriv, `sxva, Cveni kulturisagan gansxvavebuli<br />
kulturis a<strong>da</strong>mianebTan dialogi Tanamedrove cnobierebis ganuyofeli funqciaa” 30 ,<br />
meore mxriv ki, `kultura, yvelaze farTo mniSvnelobiT, aris is, ris gamoc Sen ucxod<br />
iqcevi, rogorc ki Sens saxls <strong>da</strong>toveb... roca imyofebi Sens jgufSi, im a<strong>da</strong>mianebs<br />
Soris, romlebTanac saerTo kultura gaqvs, Sen ar gixdeba fiqri sakuTar azrebsa <strong>da</strong><br />
qcevaze, radgan Senc <strong>da</strong> isinic, principSi, erTnairad xe<strong>da</strong>vT samyaros, iciT, ras<br />
SeiZleba moelodeT erTmaneTisagan. magram ucxo sazogadoebaSi ususurobisa <strong>da</strong><br />
dezorientirebulobis grZnoba geufleba” 31 . es exeba ara mxolod cocxal kontaqts<br />
a<strong>da</strong>mianebs Soris, aramed, agreTve, kulturis kvlevis process. Cven kiTxvebs vusvamT<br />
warsulSi an sxva kulturis farglebSi mcxovreb a<strong>da</strong>mianebs, vcdilobT, gavSifroT<br />
maT mier <strong>da</strong>tovebuli Tu mowodebuli in<strong>for</strong>macia. magram kiTxvebi, romlebze pasuxsac<br />
veZebT, gansazRvrulia Tanamedrove cnobierebiT, kulturiT, romlis matarebeli Cven<br />
30 Гуревич А.Я. Категории средневековой культуры. М., 1984, с.5.<br />
31 Culture Shock. A Reader in Modern Cultural Anthropology. Ed. by Ph.K.Bock. N.Y., 1970, p.74.<br />
28
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