Bausteine - Referate - Jana Milosovicova - Urban Design English

Sustainable neighborhood rating systems: An international comparison
Die Bewertungsmatrix
In this evaluation, the criteria for earning LEED-
ND points are compared and contrasted with
the criteria that receive the best to worst grade
by the Assessment Matrix. Some heavily weighted
criteria will also be noted for credits over
two points in LEED-ND and above six percent
in the Assessment Matrix. (For a complete comparison
of all credits, see Appendix 1)
1. Location and Previous Use
regarding previous site use is if the site is a
brownfield. Brownfield credits address remediation,
their redevelopment in low-income areas,
and extensive cleanup of brownfield soil. The
Assessment Matrix goes into detail rating the
previous use of the site, using a gradation of
over 20 different site uses. This rating, with a 14
percent weight, gives the best score for using
completely built-up locations with impervious
surface and the worst score to using forests or
protected natural areas.
The Location and Previous Use category focuses
on the where the project is located in relation
to the surrounding area and the degree of
prior development. The goal is to previously developed
sites in relatively central locations with
transit and services nearby. Discouraged is the
use of greenfield sites in remote locations.
Site Location
Both rating systems address project location:
LEED-ND favors urban infill sites with infrastructure
and some services while the Assessment
Matrix prioritizes proximity to a neighborhood
center. In LEED-ND, the minimum requirement
for a greenfield site is either adequate transit
service, some diverse uses nearby or low vehicle
miles traveled. Up to 10 additional points
for site location are based on whether the site
was previously developed, the amount of adjacent
development surrounding the site, and the
“urbanness” of the site as measured by street
centerline density in the mile radius around
the project. In contrast, the Assessment Matrix
considers the plan location to be a mobility issue
and ranks locations by time-distance to a
neighborhood center when traveling by transit
or bicycle, with an overall 9 percent weight for
this criteria.
Previous Site Use
In LEED-ND, aside from categorizing a site
as “previously developed” or “not previously
developed,” the only additional consideration
Infrastructure Provision
Unique to LEED-ND is a prerequisite for locating
a development where water and sewer
infrastructure are located or planned to be located.
This prevents a common practice in lowdensity
areas where individual wells and septic
systems are installed. The use of septic systems
can pose health problems a failure allows sewage
to enter underground water resources.
2. Transportation and Reachability
This category, Transportation and Reachability,
reflects the relationship between transportation
and the access it provides to different destinations.
The first part includes the primary
modes of eco-mobility that are encouraged:
transit and bicycling (walking is considered in
the next category) as well as the reduction of
automobile travel. The second part, the concept
of “reachability,” evaluates the quality of a location
based on the time-distance by eco-mobility
to common destinations such as jobs, shops,
schools or parks. The concept of reachabilty is
central to the Assessment Matrix; however in
LEED-ND only the bicycle network and jobs
and housing balance credits consider the destination
and transportation together.
Common destinations are measured by both
systems; however the Assessment Matrix takes
a more nuanced view toward types of destinations
and their respective locations. LEED-ND
has one category of “diverse uses” to measure
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