Bausteine - Referate - Jana Milosovicova - Urban Design English

Sustainable neighborhood rating systems: An international comparison
Die Bewertungsmatrix
Assessment Matrix takes a simpler approach
to habitat, with three areas graded: protected
areas, habitat and flora & fauna. The best scores
are given when there is a positive influence on
these areas, with the score declining if there is
no influence and then by a range of potential
negative influences.
Site Disturbance
Site disturbance is addressed only by LEED-ND.
One credit includes not developing on steep
slopes over 15 percent in undeveloped areas or
limiting development on slopes between 15 to
40 percent in previously developed locations; in
either case slopes over 40 percent cannot be
used. During the construction process, there is
a prerequisite for implementing an Erosion and
Sedimentation Control Plan and credits for minimizing
site disturbance either of total land or
of areas near construction.
5. Social Issues
The Social Issues category, only addressed by
LEED-ND, goes beyond the traditional focus
on the environmental aspect of sustainable development
and broadens the scope to social
and equity concerns as well. Most prominent
are the affordable housing credits, for including
for-rent affordable units and another for
including for-sale affordable units. The credits
follow common housing goals: 10 to 30 percent
affordable units, rental units affordable to
people below the federally defined Area Median
Income and for-sale units affordable at
earning the Area Median Income. The universal
accessibility credit requires at least 20 percent
of all residential units and all common spaces be
handicapped accessible. Finally, a credit for community
outreach is intended to foster greater
dialogue between the developer, the city and
the neighborhood residents in the creation of a
new development.
6. Resource Efficiency
The Resource Efficiency category addresses
primarily common green building criteria, from
reduced water and energy use to recycled materials.
LEED-ND evaluates a range of these
construction issues, offering credits for greening
both buildings (overlapping the LEED building
rating systems) and infrastructure. Due to the
focus of the Assessment Matrix on location
evaluation, only a minority of the issues that arise
in the construction process are considered.
Green & Efficient Buildings
LEED-ND has several credits that mirror the
LEED for buildings criteria, including LEED certified
buildings in a project, with points starting
at 20 percent LEED certified buildings to 40
percent or more. Credits are also given in
LEED-ND for core elements of the LEED for
building systems, including building energy efficiency
and reduced water use. At the site level,
a LEED-ND credit is given for a reduction of at
least 15 percent site level energy consumption
from street lights, water and wastewater pumps
and water and wastewater treatment systems
as well as for using LED traffic light technology.
Finally there are two credits for building reuse,
the first is for reusing at least one buildings and
the second for reusing a historic building and
rehabilitating it to federal standards for rehabilitation.
Microclimate
LEED-ND considers microclimate in terms of
heat island effect, with a credit for installing either
roofs with a high solar reflective index or
green roofs. This credit can also be achieved
by either shading half of the impervious site
landscape or using paving that has a high solar
reflective index or an open grid. In addition,
LEED-ND offers a credit for solar orientation:
either orienting blocks north-south or buildings
east-west. In the Assessment Matrix, microclimate
is focused on fresh air, providing the best
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