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the university of chicago the phonology and ... - SIL International

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In my corpus <strong>of</strong> data, adverbs beginning with a vowel are dispreferred. However,<br />

Kam<strong>and</strong>a (1998) includes several vowel-initial adverbs in his word list: =@= =@= =@= =@= ‘east’,<br />

=@= =@= =@= =@= ~ @= @= @= @= ‘evening’, =C>K =C>K ‘onomatopoeia, imitation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> noise <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> fall <strong>of</strong> a heavy<br />

object’, =C>K(HK( =C>K(HK( ~ C>K(HK( C>K(HK( ‘<strong>of</strong> one bound’, =@= =@= =@= =@= ~ =@== =@== =@== =@== ~ @== @== @== @== ‘evening’, ==B( ==B( ==B( ==B(<br />

‘st<strong>and</strong>ing’, == == == == ‘morning’, =C>=(C =C>=(C =C>=(C =C>=(C <br />

<br />

~ C>= C>=(C C>= C>= (C (C (C <br />

<br />

‘brusquely’, =H= =H= ‘energetically’, =J=<br />

=J=<br />

‘in this way’, =J=A =J=A =J=A =J=A ‘in this way’, A(=(H=(A(=(H=( A(=(H=(A(=(H=( A(=(H=(A(=(H=( A(=(H=(A(=(H=( ‘in small pieces’, @ @ @ @ H HH H <br />

<br />

‘near to, next to’,<br />

=H= =H= =H= =H= ‘all’, ‘reluctantly’, C=A C=A C=A C=A ~ =(C=A =(C=A =(C=A =(C=A ‘when’, K?K K?K K?K ‘before, in front <strong>of</strong>,<br />

early’, K(K(HK( K(K(HK( K(K(HK( K(K(HK( ‘middle, between’ (his glosses). More research is needed to resolve this<br />

discrepancy.<br />

It is not clear that <strong>the</strong> word minimality condition observed in nouns <strong>and</strong> verbs<br />

holds for adverbs. Several adverbs with CV word shapes are attested in my corpus. More<br />

research is necessary on this point.<br />

6.4 Grammatical-function-word word shapes<br />

As expected, Mono function words are not subject to <strong>the</strong> MC found in <strong>the</strong> major<br />

grammatical categories. Word shapes that are attested are given in (16):<br />

(16) Grammatical-function-word word shapes<br />

V ( ( ( (<br />

‘same subject pronoun’<br />

= ‘question marker’<br />

CV <br />

‘DET’<br />

@=( @=(<br />

‘CLEFT’<br />

( ( ( (<br />

‘<strong>of</strong>’<br />

VCV (@ (@ (@ (@<br />

‘<strong>and</strong>’<br />

=(I( =(I( =(I( =(I(<br />

‘this’<br />

CVCV =J= =J= =J= =J=<br />

‘since, like’<br />

VCVCV =@A(A =@A(A =@A(A =@A(A<br />

‘that’<br />

90

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