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Figure 8.41: Waveform and spectrogram of the word ( ( ( ( ‘hippo’ (Speaker K)
In Section 2.2, I noted that nasalization sounds more pronounced on certain
vowels than on others. When a nasal formant overlaps with an oral formant, the oral
formant will be affected to a larger degree than in cases of non-overlap. The expected
result, then, is that nasalization will sound more pronounced in cases of overlap.
8.3 Secondary articulations
In this section, I examine two questions regarding the phonetic implementation of
the secondary articulations of labialization and palatalization. In Chapter 4, I claimed that
labialization and palatalization in Mono are phonetically closer to mid vowels rather than
high vowels. Since these two secondary articulations are generally assumed to correspond
phonetically to high vowels, I need to bolster this claim. For example, Ladefoged &
Maddieson (1996: 363) note that palatalization concerns the “superimposition of a raising
of the front of the tongue toward a position similar to that for i on a primary gesture.” 5
5 Smalley (1989) did not make this assumption. See especially pp. 176, 178, and 183.
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