Jaume Solà i Pujols - Departament de Filologia Catalana ...

(62) After this emotional shock...
a. En Joan ja no és ell (mateix) (Catalan)
The J. anymore not is he (SELF)
b. Joan es pas mai el (mateis) (Occitan)
J. is not more he (SELF)
c. Juana ya no es ella (misma) (Spanish)
J. anymore not is she (SELF)
d. Gianni non è più lui (stesso) (Italian)
G. not is anymore he (SELF)
e. O Jo~,ao já n~,ao é ele (mesmo) (Portuguese)
The J. anymore not is he (SELF)
f. Ion nu mai este el insusi (Romanian)
I. not anymore is he SELF
g. Jon ez da bera /*bere burua (Basque)
J. not is he-himself his self
Sentences in the reverse pattern (i.e., non-NSLs using he-SELF or NSLs using SE-SELF)
are completely unacceptable. Let us call the above examples Anaphoric Copulative
Constructions. The interesting fact is that non-NSLs use an anaphor-like element in the post-
copular position, while NSLs use a pronominal-like element in the same position. Since this
contrast is reminiscent of the contrast between emphatic I-subjects in non-NSLs vs NSLs, it is
tempting to derive the two facts from the same premise. Before providing an explanation, let us
advance some more evidence from other languages.
in the other:
As expected, MSA shows a [-anaphoric] element in one position and a [+anaphoric] one
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