gambling in alberta - Research Services - University of Lethbridge

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1998 but has continued to increase up to the present time (albeit not to any great extent, as it continues to be the least common form of gambling). Knowing something about participation rates for each form of gambling allows us to recalculate the per Albertan adult expenditure amounts from Figure 21 to a much more relevant figure, which is per participant expenditure on each form of gambling. These latter figures are reported in Table 19. The most obvious change from Figure 21 concerns the very large per participant expenditures of slot and VLT players, which now represents about 7-8% of average after tax income (which will be higher for the people who play both, and does not include their expenditures on other forms of gambling). Furthermore, Table 18 and Figure 20 tell us that at least 71.1% of all gambling revenue in Alberta (i.e., VLT + slot revenue) is now generated from just 21% of all adults. Thus, in order to understand who is primarily contributing to Alberta gambling revenue it is necessary to look at the demographic profile of slot and VLT players. This is presented in Table 20. 102
Table 18: Past Year Gambling Participation as a Function of Game Type. 1992 1993 1998 2001 2002 (2003) a (2004) a 2005 a 2006 a 2007 2008 2009 Sample Size 1277 1804 1821 1804 3236 1001 1000 1000 1002 680 3001 1054 Any Gambling 89.0% 90.3% 87.4% (77.0%) b (72.0%) b -- -- -- -- (70.3%) b (72.2%) b (73.5%) a Lotteries 75.0% (78.7%) c (75.2%) c 60.8% 59.9% (68%) d (69%) d 65.7% d 65.7% d 54.9% 58.3% 62.3% Raffles 63.0% 68.9% 63.3% 48.5% -- (53%) (47%) 42.2% 43.4% -- -- -- Instant Win Tickets -- 65.6% 36.9% 29.0% 31.1% -- -- -- -- 37.5% 29.1% 33.0% Pull-tickets -- 18.6% 10.3% -- -- (19%) (19%) 13.4% 14.3% -- -- -- Social 29.0% 22.9% 14.4% 13.4% 12.6% -- -- -- -- -- 18.9% 21.8% Games of Skill -- 13.0% 11.0% 6.5% 7.0% -- -- -- -- 15.8% -- -- Out-of-Province Casinos 10.0% 7.9% 10.3% e -- -- -- -- -- 12.1% 14.2% 14.7% Slot Machines -- -- -- 15.7% 15.8% (20%) (19%) 15.8% f 18.7% f -- 16.5% 15.4% VLTs 4.0% 17.0% 20.6% 13.5% 11.7% (17%) (16%) 14.1% 13.6% -- 11.8% 11.7% Slots or VLTs -- -- -- 22.5% 22.4% -- -- -- -- 23.2% 21.5% 20.7% Sports Betting (30.0%) g (27.8%) h (9.3%) i 10.5% 6.6% -- -- -- -- 7.2% 7.8% 7.9% High Risk Stocks -- (18.7%) j (25.1%) j 11.4% 7.2% -- -- -- -- 3.8% 9.2% 8.6% Casino Table Games 7.0% 9.5% (7.0%) k 5.8% 7.2% (12%) (11%) 8.5% 10.2% 8.1% 8.2% 7.0% Bingo 16.0% 16.6% 12.2% 8.7% 7.8% (18%) (16%) 7.5% 7.5% 7.5% 5.3% 4.8% Horse Racing 11.0% 9.3% 5.8% 4.7% 4.3% -- -- -- -- 4.5% 5.3% 3.5% Internet Gambling -- -- 0.1% 0.3% (0.9%) l -- -- -- -- 1.6% 3.5% 3.1% a = Gambling prevalence rates are somewhat higher than they should be in 2003 and 2004 because these figures are the percentage of people ‘participating’ in the activity, as opposed to ‘playing’ (i.e., includes paid workers and volunteers). Figures for 2005 and 2006 represent the percentage of people ‘participating in’ the activity times the percentage of people who reported participating in as a player (data provided by AGLC). It should also be noted that the 2003 – 2006 surveys used a random selection of listed numbers rather than random digit dialling and did not re-weight the data to correct for potential sampling biases. b = Surveys in these years did not inquire about raffles. c = Does not include ‘daily lottery games’ (6.6% in 1993 & 2.5% in 1998). d = lottery tickets include instant win (scratch) tickets and Sports Select e = Question only asked about whether person played table games at casinos outside of Alberta (i.e., slots not asked). f = Does not include slot machines at horse race tracks (5%). g = 30% Sports Pools; 10% Sports Select;
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Plant fertilizer 2011 GAMBLING IN A
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Citation Williams, R.J., Belanger,
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AMOUNTS, ORIGINS, AND RECIPIENTS OF
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ABSTRACT At a provincial level, the
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Alberta is estimated to have 3,755,
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than empirical in nature. Thus, the
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While the above described approach
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census. A supplemental Online Gener
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THEORETICAL APPROACH PROBLEMS WITH
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Aside from these practical issues,
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SOUND PRINCIPLES FOR CONDUCTING SOC
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Again, other ways of organizing and
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4. The transfer of wealth and chang
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Compare Changes to those Observed i
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to document prior gambling opportun
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Mid 1700s to late 1800s 1869 - 1892
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Cheating at gambling (Part XXVIII F
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1924 Criminal Code amendment to s.9
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1957 Western Canadian Racing Associ
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1980s There is a major expansion of
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1989 In June the Criminal Code of C
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1997 AGLC allows the number of slot
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2003 Federal agriculture minister m
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HISTORY OF EACH TYPE OF GAMBLING Th
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Number of Live Race Days per Year I
Page 51 and 52: Table 1: Total Raffle Licences per
Page 53 and 54: Table 2: Total Pull-Ticket Licences
Page 55 and 56: Table 3: Total Bingo Licences per Y
Page 57 and 58: Table 5: Total Bingo Events per Yea
Page 59 and 60: Table 6: Total Lottery Ticket Retai
Page 61 and 62: Video Lottery Terminals (VLTs) In A
Page 63 and 64: Table 8: Total Video Lottery Locati
Page 65 and 66: 1996 Slot machines and electronic h
Page 67 and 68: The main indices that speak to chan
Page 69 and 70: Table 12: Total Charitable Casino L
Page 71 and 72: REGULATORY AND ORGANIZATIONAL HISTO
Page 73 and 74: HISTORY OF FIRST NATIONS COMMERCIAL
Page 75 and 76: CURRENT REGULATION, AVAILABILITY, A
Page 77 and 78: aggregate value of all tickets sold
Page 79 and 80: ALBERTA GOVERNMENT GAMBLING The Cri
Page 81 and 82: CASINOS Traditional Casinos Casinos
Page 83 and 84: percentage of table game revenue re
Page 85 and 86: Figure 15. Location of Current and
Page 87 and 88: HORSE RACING Horse racing is the on
Page 89 and 90: Bingo Lotteries and Instant Win (Sc
Page 91 and 92: AMOUNTS, ORIGINS, AND RECIPIENTS OF
Page 93 and 94: Another way of looking at the overa
Page 95 and 96: increase has occurred since the ear
Page 97 and 98: WHERE IS THE MONEY COMING FROM? As
Page 99 and 100: Figure 20: Proportion of Alberta Ne
Page 101: Origin of Net Gambling Revenue by D
Page 105 and 106: EGM Players Table 20 shows reasonab
Page 107 and 108: Table 21: Percentage of Each Type o
Page 109 and 110: winsorized then 75% of reported exp
Page 111 and 112: Table 22a: Demographic Profile of t
Page 113 and 114: patronage and revenue. Attendance f
Page 115 and 116: However, less important than the ac
Page 117 and 118: Because of the paramount importance
Page 119 and 120: Actual Revenue Another source of da
Page 121 and 122: Figure 25: Average Ticket Lottery R
Page 123 and 124: WHERE IS THE MONEY GOING? The final
Page 125 and 126: industry. The proportion of gamblin
Page 127 and 128: Table 27: Grants Awarded by Alberta
Page 129 and 130: since 1999; 47% of all revenue in 2
Page 131 and 132: IMPACTS OF LEGAL GAMBLING IMPACTS O
Page 133 and 134: ‘addicted to gambling revenue’.
Page 135 and 136: Several factors influence the perce
Page 137 and 138: There are also some important lesso
Page 139 and 140: Figure 30: Proportion of Total Net
Page 141 and 142: Figure 31: Number of Charities per
Page 143 and 144: IMPACTS ON SOCIETY The citizens of
Page 145 and 146: Number of Alberta Gambling Employee
Page 147 and 148: Table 34: North American Industry C
Page 149 and 150: Table 35: Importance of Gambling as
Page 151 and 152: percentage of the population (i.e.,
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Table 37: Household Past Year Repor
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40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% F
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Although Albertans are satisfied wi
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A final attitude question asked in
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Figure 41: What sort of overall imp
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Prevalence Problem Gambling and Rel
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Williams & Volberg (2010) also calc
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Features of Problem Gamblers The ty
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significant change in reported casi
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Table 43: Gambling and Problem Gamb
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their shared variance is taken into
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Treatment Numbers and Costs Treatme
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The only readily available figures
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OSB reports there were a total of 7
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Table 49: Consumer Insolvency Rates
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Another approach is to establish th
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that gambling had resulted in separ
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Applying these prevalence rates to
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gambling-related illegal acts and 8
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It is important to remember that th
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Table 52: Criminal Charges Laid by
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early 1990s, that was followed by a
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Table 54: Correlation between Crime
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Infrastructure Value The private se
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With respect to this first possibil
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increase in the comparison periods;
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Census Division Table 57: Business
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versus 2.2%). Commercial insolvency
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thinking in an interpretative act;
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The Edmonton mayor indicated he bel
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Several community representatives a
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daytime usage ... if it’s shoppin
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Increased crime was a related issue
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IMPACT ON FIRST NATIONS The impact
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Table 59: Use of First Nations Char
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Table 60: Distributions to Differen
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Table 60 illustrates that the large
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McKay, Heart Lake and the Athabasca
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Geographical Distribution As seen i
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Figure 51: Average Per Community FN
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Employment and Income Impacts of Fi
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etter skilled individuals in the co
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Problem Gambling A recent review of
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Table 65: Prevalence of Problem Gam
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$500 chip. One municipal official c
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Both the increased affluence and th
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The Enoch Cree Nation has to pay ba
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The fire department also represents
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chances. One official stated that t
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With the exception of 2006-2007, th
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Post-Script: Barriers to Participat
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(Indian Act, 1985). The latter coul
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SUMMARY Research Approach The prese
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1% (or less) of Alberta GDP since t
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can be said of charitable gambling
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Because revenue from charity casino
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Socioeconomic Inequality Alberta ga
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Despite the relatively low rates of
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supplies/equipment or to reinvest i
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Some of these sentiments tend to su
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communities highlight the casinos a
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ASSESSMENT OF THE OVERALL IMPACTS O
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2. The economic activity increases
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OVERALL SOCIAL IMPACTS Legalized ga
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OVERALL IMPACTS At a provincial lev
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however, that the potential for bri
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REFERENCES Abbott, M.W., Williams,
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Centre for Social and Health Outcom
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Jackson, D. (2010). VLT critic call
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Purdy, C. (2004). Band stakes its f
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Walker, D.M. (2008a). Challenges th
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2008 Survey APPENDICES Appendix A:
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General Population Targeted INELIGI
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are interested in the opinions of b
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PAST YEAR GAMBLING BEHAVIOUR GY1a.
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GY6a. In the past 12 months, how of
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Cash Casino - Red Deer (15) Jackpot
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GY10a. In the past 12 months, how o
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GY14a. In the past 12 months, what
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GP4. CPGI4/PPGM8b. In the past 12 m
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GP11b. In the past 12 months has ga
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GP16a. PPGM8c. In the past 12 month
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The following question only asked o
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TRIANGULATION (ONLINE PANEL ONLY) T
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Exact amount________________ (17) U
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2009 Survey The 2009 survey was als
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C11. Do you have pleasant memories
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SURVEY YEAR 1992 1993 1995 1996 199
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2008 2008 2009 2009 Williams, Belan
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1 Medicine Hat 2 Lethbridge 3 Fort
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8. In the past 12 months, have you
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Appendix F: Alberta’s Economic Re
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7. A thorough due diligence investi
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