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Sophrosyne<br />

and all move in <strong>the</strong> same direction around <strong>the</strong> Sun (all clockwise or all counterclockwise,<br />

depending on <strong>the</strong> position from which <strong>the</strong>y are viewed from outside <strong>the</strong> system).<br />

If <strong>the</strong> various elements of <strong>the</strong> solar system were not all within <strong>the</strong> same plane, it would<br />

be difficult to represent astrological influences on a two-dimensional chart. With <strong>the</strong><br />

exception of some of <strong>the</strong> fixed stars, all of <strong>the</strong> influences taken into account by contemporary<br />

<strong>astrology</strong> are confined to our solar system.<br />

Sources:<br />

Robinson, J. Hedley, and James Muirden. Astronomy Data Book. 2d ed. New York: John Wiley<br />

& Sons, 1979.<br />

Smoluchowski, Roman. The Solar System: The Sun, Planets, and Life. New York: Scientific<br />

American Books, 1983.<br />

SOLSTICE<br />

The solstices (from <strong>the</strong> Latin sol, meaning “sun,” plus sistere, meaning “to stand still”)<br />

are <strong>the</strong> longest and <strong>the</strong> shortest days of <strong>the</strong> year. In <strong>the</strong> Nor<strong>the</strong>rn Hemisphere, from<br />

<strong>the</strong> summer solstice to <strong>the</strong> winter solstice <strong>the</strong> sunrise occurs a little far<strong>the</strong>r north each<br />

day. On <strong>the</strong> day of <strong>the</strong> winter solstice, <strong>the</strong> Sun pauses (“stands still”) in its gradual<br />

northward movement and begins to move south. This continues until <strong>the</strong> next summer<br />

solstice, when <strong>the</strong> Sun once again pauses and reverses direction. In <strong>the</strong> tropical<br />

zodiac, <strong>the</strong> solstices correspond with <strong>the</strong> moment <strong>the</strong> Sun enters 0° Cancer (summer<br />

solstice) and 0° Capricorn (winter solstice).<br />

SOPHIA<br />

Sophia, asteroid 251 (<strong>the</strong> 251st asteroid to be discovered, on October 4, 1885), is<br />

approximately 35 kilometers in diameter and has an orbital period of 5.4 years. The<br />

name Sophia means wisdom or cleverness in Greek. If o<strong>the</strong>r elements of a natal chart<br />

concur, Sophia shows wisdom or cleverness with respect to <strong>the</strong> matters indicated by its<br />

sign and house position. When afflicted, it may indicate false wisdom or sly cleverness.<br />

Sources:<br />

Kowal, Charles T. Asteroids: Their Nature and Utilization. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Ellis<br />

Horwood Limited, 1988.<br />

Room, Adrian. Dictionary of Astronomical Names. London: Routledge, 1988.<br />

Schwartz, Jacob. Asteroid Name Encyclopedia. St. Paul, MN: Llewellyn Publications, 1995.<br />

SOPHROSYNE<br />

Sophrosyne, asteroid 134 (<strong>the</strong> 134th asteroid to be discovered, on September 27, 1873),<br />

is approximately 116 kilometers in diameter and has an orbital period of 4.1 years. The<br />

name Sophrosyne is Greek for prudence, one of <strong>the</strong> four virtues in Plato’s philosophy.<br />

When prominent in a natal chart, Sophrosyne indicates a person with a prudent<br />

approach to life. Its location by sign and house position indicates how and where one<br />

expresses prudence. When involved in many inharmonious aspects, Sophrosyne may<br />

show a person who is imprudent or someone who is inappropriately prudent.<br />

THE ASTROLOGY BOOK<br />

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