North Korean House of Cards

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Name Position Comments Kim Mansong Choe Hwi Kim Songnam Pak Taesong Ho Hwanchol Cho Yongwon First Vice Director, KWP First Vice Director, KWP PAD Vice Director, KWP International Department Department Vice Director, KWP Department Vice Director, KWP Department Vice Director, KWP • First appeared in North Korean media when he received the Kim Il-sung Order in April 2012 • Deputy to the 13th SPA • Ranked 40th on Kim Kuk-tae’s Funeral Committee list and 24th on Jon Pyong-ho’s Funeral Committee list • Began accompanying Kim Jong-un on guidance inspections with the title of First Vice Director in May 2013 • Ranked 39th on Kim Kuk-tae’s Funeral Committee list and 34th on Jon Pyong-ho’s Funeral Committee list 225 • A former advisor to Kim Il-sung and Kim Jong-il • One of the point men on China issues • Received Kim Il-sung Order in April 2012 • Began accompanying Kim Jong-un on guidance inspections in August 2012 • Rumored to work in the KWP OGD • Began accompanying Kim Jong-un on guidance inspections in January 2013 • Began appearing with Kim Jongun on guidance inspections in December 2014 • Coverage of him in the North Korean media suggests he might be with the KWP PAD 225 It should be noted, however, that in 2015, rumors spread that Choe Hwi had been purged. He has not been seen in public since he attended a rally of the “18 June Shock Brigade” held on August 8, 2014. “North Korea’s Power Trio Disappear From Public View,” Yonhap News Agency, February 18, 2015. Ken E. Gause 107
Name Position Comments Jo Thae-san Kim Tong-il Hong Sungmu Maeng Kyong-il KWP Department Vice Director Department Vice Director, KWP Working Organization Department Vice Director, KWP MID Vice Director, KWP UFD • Began appearing with Kim Jongun during guidance inspections in February 2015 • Coverage of him in the North Korean media suggests he might be with the KWP PAD • Appointed an alternate member of the Central Committee in September 2010 at the Third Party Conference • Member of Kim Jong-il’s Funeral Committee • Member of the SPCSGC • Began accompanying Kim Jong-un on guidance inspections in April 2013 • From the production and manufacturing side of the country’s military and munitions industries 226 • Appeared at Kim Jong-un’s meeting on January 25, 2013 with security and foreign affairs officials, days before the third nuclear test • Ranked 126th on Kim Jong-il’s Funeral Committee list • Began accompanying Kim Jong-un on guidance inspections in January 2013 • Ranked 40th on Jon Pyong-ho’s Funeral Committee list • Maeng is a former councilor of the Korea Asia-Pacific Peace Committee • North Korean representative to the 16th North-South ministerial-level talks in 2005 226 Michael Madden, “Biographies: Hong Sung-mu,” North Korea Leadership Watch, February 3, 2013. This is in contrast to his immediate superior, Ju Kyu-chang, who comes from research and development. Committee for Human Rights in North Korea 108
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North Korean House of Cards Leaders
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Copyright © 2015 Committee for Hum
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Jack David Senior Fellow, Hudson In
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3. The Regent Structure............
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d. Ministry of People’s Security.
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II. PREFACE After his seminal 2012
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the reader that many are purged bec
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IV. ABOUT THIS STUDY There are nume
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VI. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Merriam-Webst
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ultimate decision maker and sole so
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humanity; in order to understand cr
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32. NIS: South Korean National Inte
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egent structure would begin to chan
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However, there is very little evide
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IX. SECTION ONE: NORTH KOREAN LEADE
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All Party members, military men, an
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Dressed in black, gloveless, and ba
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choreography of the transfer of pow
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suffered a stroke. 18, 19 A month l
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the GPB in the Kim Jong-il era, beg
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2009 from Chief of the GSD to Comma
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posting, Ri had been the Fifth Corp
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Days after Jang Jong-nam was identi
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4. Civil-Military Relations by Mid-
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above, especially the purge of Ri Y
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leaders include Choe Ryong-hae, Kim
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of the military. More than that of
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B. CHAPTER TWO: THE PURGE OF JANG S
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afforded Jang the opportunity to me
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and merged into the RGB as Bureaus
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to as the éminence grise, who was
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a. Kim Jong-il’s Will In 2012, de
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Page 69 and 70: ut his pleas went unanswered. At th
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Page 79 and 80: ones, lowering the average age of t
Page 81 and 82: the regime. Throughout 2013, Choe a
Page 83 and 84: 4. Kim Jong-un and the Wider Leader
Page 85 and 86: Armed Forces, 202 had been executed
Page 87 and 88: Name Position(s) Comments Kim Solso
Page 89 and 90: Name Position(s) Comments Kim Songn
Page 91 and 92: Name Position(s) Comments Colonel G
Page 93 and 94: Table 2: Second Echelon of Power Na
Page 95 and 96: Name Position(s) Comments Miltary/
Page 97 and 98: Name Position(s) Comments General K
Page 99 and 100: Table 3: Third Echelon of Power Nam
Page 101 and 102: Name Position(s) Comments Ju Kyucha
Page 103 and 104: Name Position(s) Comments General P
Page 105 and 106: Name Position(s) Comments Colonel G
Page 107 and 108: Name Position(s) Comments Ro Tu-cho
Page 109 and 110: Table 4: Fourth Echelon of Power Na
Page 111 and 112: Name Position Comments Lieutenant G
Page 113 and 114: Name Position Comments Lieutenant G
Page 115: Name Position Comments Hong Yongchi
Page 119 and 120: Name Position Comments Government R
Page 121 and 122: Name Position Comments Kim Choljin
Page 123 and 124: Name Relation Comments Ri Il-hyok K
Page 125 and 126: Name Relation Comments Cha Cholma S
Page 127 and 128: While there is debate within the co
Page 129 and 130: • The Royal Economy. This chapter
Page 131 and 132: within the leadership in the mid-19
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Page 135 and 136: The Tenth SPA convened in Pyongyang
Page 137 and 138: system of socialism.” 273 For man
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Page 141 and 142: Image 11: Kim Jong-il’s signature
Page 143 and 144: Image 13: National Security meeting
Page 145 and 146: Image 15: A March 13, 2013 military
Page 147 and 148: . Kim Jong-un’s Role as Decision
Page 149 and 150: The Friday meetings focus on milita
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Page 153 and 154: KWP Charter, the CMC “discusses a
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Page 157 and 158: constraints established by his fath
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Page 161 and 162: As the guidance in Kim Jong-il’s
Page 163 and 164: 1. The Personal Secretariat under K
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Kim Jong-il Secretariat was not an
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and manner of operation, however, a
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a. Personal Secretariat Personnel a
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In 2013, South Korean media reports
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Supreme Command apparatus to the GS
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. Secretarial Office of the Central
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from the field commands, as well as
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administrative. Kim Jong-il, a more
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overseeing the implementation of th
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C. CHAPTER SIX: THE ROYAL ECONOMY
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for Kim Il-sung’s own consolidati
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Following the creation of Office 39
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The Early European Connection In th
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numerous subordinate trade and fore
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According to a former diplomat who
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National Intelligence Service (NIS)
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gifts through their place of employ
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ack to Office 39 and into the Royal
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from Office 38 to Office 99 in 2005
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General Trading Corporation, then a
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Hong Kong, and Singapore. These bus
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Kim Jong-il’s private secretary a
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Jang’s Channel to China The Korea
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Chart 10: Jang’s Channel into the
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the Royal Economy. In the summer of
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projects ends up in the Royal Econo
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leadership dynamics inside North Ko
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• The KWP Administrative Departme
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• Tourism represents a growing so
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Chart 12: Jang’s Tapping into Mil
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In addition to these reforms, Kim J
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Despite the regime’s efforts to s
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Night of the Long Knives. Saddam Hu
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In the months following the Party c
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According to South Korean sources,
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In April 2012, the regime made a nu
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National Security Meeting, January
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focus of the meeting was tied to lo
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of the GC escorted Jang from the ha
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as it related to the KWP Administra
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it became more difficult for trader
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Name Post Relationship to the OGD M
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Star.” 545 His elevation in North
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the command and control structure o
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the connections between the larger
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i. Structure The headquarters of th
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Chart 18: Organizational Chart of t
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Pyongyang Anti-Aircraft Artillery C
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Palace of the Sun, which holds the
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ii. Cordon of Security: Relationshi
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iii. Role in the Regime It is assum
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assume the role of political office
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• The Eighth Bureau (Border Secur
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d. Ministry of People’s Security
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chain of command and is responsible
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olstering internal security. Provin
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associate, these fortunes began to
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offices: the Cadre Department, the
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Jo Kyong-chol seated at the far lef
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XI. CONCLUSION To commemorate the 1
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Others see a ruthless regime that i
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it remains to be seen whether this
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continues to create the image of a
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had been executed by anti-aircraft
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• General Ri Yong-gil (60) has be
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2. Party • Kang Sok-ju (76) has b
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• Kim Song-nam (62) is an alterna
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domestic and social issues .668 He
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may occasionally be able to reach o
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Committee list.At the Third Session
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1970s, 692 but his career was resur
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Vice Chairman of the NDC, O Kuk-ryo
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of communication to Kim Jong-un lik
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• Ju Kyu-chang (87) has been an a
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General Pak as his successor withou
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as the “Storm Corps.” He first
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present for Kim Jong-un’s guidanc
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senior leadership are evident in hi
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on debt settlement issues with Russ
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Date Visit Gift (as described in No
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Date Visit Gift (as described in No
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XIV. APPENDIX C: NORTH KOREAN MILIT
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Insignia Title/Name 소좌 (So-jwa)
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B. KOREAN PEOPLE’S ARMY NAVAL FOR
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Insignia Title/Name 상위 (Sang-wi
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C. KOREAN PEOPLE’S ARMY AIR FORCE
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Insignia Title/Name 상위 (Sang-wi
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XV. BIBLIOGRAPHY A. Books and Journ
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54. Cathcart, Adam. “Thrice-Curse
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117. “Is Kim Jong Un Playing Musi
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191. Lee, Gyo-Gwan. “Kim Jong-il
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264. “North Korea’s Kim Jong-un
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Committee for Human Rights in North
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