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118. Praptokardiyo, K., 1979. Populationsdynamik und Produktion von Cyclops abyssorum tatricus (KOZMINSKI 1927) im Gossenköllesee (2413 m ü. NN, Kühtai, Tirol). PhD Thesis Abt. limnologie Innsbruck 15, 1-83. 119. Premazzi, G., Dalmiglio, A., Cardoso, A.C. & Chiaudani, G. 2003. Lake management in Italy: the implications of the Water Framework Directive. Lakes and Reservoirs:Research and management 8:41-59. 120. Psenner, R., 2003. Alpine lakes: Extreme ecosystems under the pressure of global change. EAWAG news 55: 12-14. 121. Psenner, R., R. Schmidt, 1992. Climate-driven pH control of remote alpine lakes and effects of acid deposition. Nature 356: 1-3. 122. Räisänen, J., Hansson, U., Ullerstig, A., Döscher, R., Graham, L. P., Jones, C., Meier, H. E. M., Samuelsson, P. and Willén, U. 2004. European climate in the late twenty-first century: regional simulations with two driving global models and two forcing scenarios. Clim. Dyn. 22, 13-31. 123. Reynolds, C.S. 1984 The Ecology of Freshwater Phytoplankton. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 124. Rouen, M A, George D.G & Hewitt D P. 2000. Using an automatic monitoring station to assess the impact of episodic mixing on the seasonal succession of phytoplankton. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 27: 2972-2976. 125. Round, F. E., R. M. Crawford & D. G. Mann (1990). The diatoms. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 126. Rouse, R.W., M.S. V. Douglas, R.E. Hecky, A.E. Hershey, G.W. Kling, L. Lesack, P. Marsh, M. McDonald, B.J. Nicholson, N.T. Roulet, and J.P. Smol. 1997. Effects of climate change on the freshwaters of Arctic and Subarctic North America. Hydrological Processes 11: 873-902. 127. Salmaso, N., R. Mosello, L. Garibaldi, F. Decet, M. C. Brizzio& P. Cordella, 2003. Vertical mixing as a determinant of trophic status in deep lakes: a case study from two lakes south of the Alps (Lake Garda and Lake Iseo). J. Limnol., 62(Suppl. 1): 33- 41. 128. Sarvala, J., & Helminen, H. 1996. Year-class fluctuations of perch (Perca fluviatilis) in Lake Pyhajarvi, Southwest Finland, Ann. Zool. Fenn 33: 389-396. 129. Scheffer, M., D. Straile, E.H. Van Nes, & H. Hosper, 2001. Climatic warming causes regime shifts in lake food webs. Limnology and Oceanography. 46: 1780-1783. 130. Schindler, D.W. and P.J. Curtis, 1997. The role of DOC in protecting freshwaters subjected to climatic warming and acidification from UV exposure. Biogeochemistry, 36(1): 1–8. 131. Schindler, D.W., P.J. Curtis, B.R. Parker, and M.P. Stainton, 1996. Consequences of climate warming and lake acidification for UV- B penetration in North American boreal lakes. Nature, 379 (6567):705-708. 132. Schröder, H.G., H. Windolph & J. Schneider, 1983. Bilanzierung der biogenen Karbonatproduktion eines oligotrophen Sees (Attersee, Salzkammergut – Österreich). Arch. Hydrobiol. 97: 356-372. 133. Sharpley A.N. & Syers J.K. 1979. Phosphorus inputs into a stream draining an agricultural watershed: II. Amounts and relative significance of runoff types. Water, Air and Soil Pollut. 11: 417-428. 134. Sobek, S., G. Algesten, A.-K. Bergstöm, M. Jansson, L.J. Tranvik, 2003. The catchment and climate regulation of pCO2 in boreal lakes. Global Change Biology 9: 630-641. 135. St Louis, V., Kelly, C.A., Duchemin, E., Rudd, E.W.M. & Rosenberg, D.M. Reservoir surfaces as sources of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere: a global estimate. BioScience (in press). 228
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Climate Change and the European Wat
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European Commission- Joint Research
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At the 2003 Rome Informal Meeting o
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Changes in the diurnal variation of
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Fugure I.2. (a) Maximum grid covera
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century. This corresponds to a sea
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Other causes Other causes of climat
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tropospheric ozone are photochemica
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Figure. I.4. Radiative forcings and
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There are two indirect effects of a
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The projected warming is not unifor
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water towards the west Pacific caus
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Aerosols and climate change in the
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precipitation intensities have been
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Chapter III. The Hydrologic Cycle I
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Figure III.2. Long-term average ann
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Figure III.4. Projected change in s
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eduction in the rate of evaporation
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characteristics may or may not be u
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temperatures potentially lead to hi
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Chapter IV.A. Proxy indicators of C
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Mean Air Temperature (Dec.-March) [
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correlation coefficient -0.4 -0.3 -
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Chapter IV. B. The Impact of Climat
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numbers refer to water bodies bigge
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Table IV.B.2. Number of large dams*
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quality degradation and meet the in
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sufficient resolution and accuracy
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Windermere in the English Lake Dist
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their vertical structure. In partic
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have recently described a method th
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The available evidence suggests tha
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1979). In contrast, heavy rain incr
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The projected increase in the atmos
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Aulacoseira spp. favour the changed
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vertical bars are a simple measure
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values, with an upper limit of 30°
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the processes controlling, regional
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Sea level rise is partially due to
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Box # 1: The North Sea The North Se
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and organic material more rapidly t
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suggesting that climate rather than
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CO2 2- ). In turn, the alkalinity i
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looms are often associated with tox
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events of dense water through the D
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(1) Are we already observing a resp
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eastern and western side of the Nor
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system, their physiology and intern
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each coastal element be studied and
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IV.D.1. Introduction Coastal lagoon
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In the last decade, a general model
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topics in coastal lagoons (de Wit e
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Po River Delta lagoons, the long dr
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esilient to environmental changes a
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Chapter V.A. Climate Change and Ext
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It is realized that adaptation to c
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member states. Moreover some agenci
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Large, global scale climatic driver
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V.B.5. Climate change and droughts
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Evacuation from forest fires at Mas
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In European forest policy, water is
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Drought mitigation and the involvem
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DSS-DROUGHT A Decision Support Syst
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Chapter V .C. Climate Change, Ecolo
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The quality class boundaries within
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An example of this kind of relation
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Regions 1 to 5 represent mainly a m
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een observed in southwestern countr
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Table V.D.2: Percentage area affect
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Lake Surface Temperature [°C] Desc
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Case Study: Esthwaite Water, Cumbri
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Residence time (days) Chlorophyll (
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Case Study: Lake Erken, Sweden ►
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TP (µg l -1 ) Modelling To analyse
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Data availability and investigation
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smaller volume of water. The warmer
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Chapter VI.B. Climate Change and th
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Concerning the flora of the lagoon
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Figure VI.B.2: Frequency of “bora
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Figure VI.C.2. Daily flows in Ebro
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Page 233 and 234: 60. McCleery, R. H. and Perrins, C.
Page 235 and 236: 105. UNESCO 2003. The integrated st
Page 237 and 238: ecosystems and the landscape and de
Page 239 and 240: 2. Carter, T.R., Saarikko, R.A., an
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