—Kurmanji Kurdish— A Reference Grammar with Selected Readings
—Kurmanji Kurdish— A Reference Grammar with Selected Readings
—Kurmanji Kurdish— A Reference Grammar with Selected Readings
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MASCULINE ABSOLUTE/DEFINITE<br />
SINGULAR PLURAL<br />
NOM. – mirov – mirov<br />
CONSTR. -ê mirovê -ên mirovên<br />
OBL. – mirov -an mirovan<br />
DEMONS. OBL. -î wî mirovî -an wan mirovan<br />
MASCULINE INDEFINITE<br />
NOM. -ek mirovek -in mirovin<br />
CONST. -ekî mirovekî -ine mirovine<br />
OBL. -ekî mirovekî -inan mirovinan<br />
FEMININE ABSOLUTE/DEFINITE<br />
NOM. – jin – jin<br />
CONSTR. -a jina -ên jinên<br />
OBL. -ê jinê -an jinan<br />
DEMONS. OBL. -ê wê jinê -an wan jinan<br />
FEMININE INDEFINITE<br />
SUBSTANTIVES<br />
NOM. -ek jinek -in jinin<br />
CONSTR. -eke jineke -ine jinine<br />
OBL. -ekê jinekê -inan jininan<br />
The syntactical hierarchy of noun forms is: (1) the coordinating conjunction<br />
û, which supersedes all case endings; (2) the construct; (3) the oblique.<br />
That is, the oblique case is superseded by the construct, so a noun that<br />
should syntactically be in the oblique case but which is also the first member<br />
of a construct is in the construct case rather than the oblique. In turn,<br />
both the construct and the oblique cases are superseded by the coordinating<br />
conjunction, so only the last noun in a coordinated series in either case<br />
shows its case ending.<br />
ji heval û hogirên (const.) wî mirovî from that man’s friends and companions<br />
ji heval û hogiran (obl.) from friends and companions<br />
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