Hazard anticipation of young novice drivers - SWOV

that in the video clips no visible other road user will start to act dangerously
(overt hazards) and no other road user will suddenly appear on collision
course from behind an object that blocks the view (covert hazards). After
each short video clip and the screen has turned black, participants are asked
what could likely have happened that did not happen and if it had happened
would have been a real threat. When participants watch the video clips their
eye movements are recorded with an eye tracker. In order to test the
emotional and motivational aspect of hazard anticipation, participants watch
photographs taken from the driver's perspective. There are three categories
of photographs: safe situations (i.e. no imminent or latent hazard present),
potentially hazardous situations (i.e. containing a latent hazard that can be a
covert latent hazard or an overt latent hazard) and hazardous situations (i.e.
contain an imminent hazard). Based on other hazard anticipation tasks in
which photographs of traffic situations were used (Huestegge et al., 2010;
Kelly et al., 2010), it is expected that novice drivers and experienced drivers
will not differ in the skill to detect and recognize both imminent hazards and
latent hazards on snapshots if they have the time to watch these snapshots.
Whereas detection and recognition is supposed not to differ, it is expected
that young novice drivers are willing to take more risks than older younger
drivers in the depicted situations. Participants are asked what their action
would be if they were the driver: do nothing (in case the situation is
considered as safe), release the throttle (in case the situation is considered to
contain a latent hazard), or brake (in case the situation is considered to
contain an imminent hazard). Responses are risky when in case of a
photograph with an imminent hazard, the response is 'release throttle' and in
case of a photograph with a latent hazard, the response is 'do nothing'. The
response is very risky when in case of a photograph with an imminent
hazard the response is 'do nothing'. Responses are cautious when in case of a
photograph of a safe situation, the response is 'release throttle' and in case of
a photograph with a latent hazard, the response is 'brake'. The response is
very cautious when in case of a photograph with a safe situation the
response is 'brake'. While participants study the static traffic scenes, their eye
movements are recorded.
The specific hypotheses are:
1. Young novice drivers and older novice drivers with almost no driving
experience score equally low on a hazard anticipation task with the
emphasis on the cognitive aspect of hazard anticipation (detection,
recognition and prediction);
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