Hazard anticipation of young novice drivers - SWOV

away from me, given the particular circumstances, may cross the road
without turning his head.” The short-term expectancy is depicted in Figure
3.1 by a dotted arrow. The reason is that it was a hypothesis. The results of
her studies confirmed this hypothesis. Based on the short-term expectancy,
the driver takes anticipatory actions. Because of these actions, the traffic
situation alters and information processing starts all over again.
The driver behaviour model of Houtenbos (2008) clarifies what could
go on in drivers with regard to the first part of the definition of hazard
anticipation: the ability to detect and recognize latent hazardous situations
and to predict how these situations can develop. However, feelings of risk
and the motivations of the driver that are relevant for risk assessment (the
second part of in the definition of hazard anticipation) are no explicit
components of the model. In her model, also no distinction is made between
automatic processing of information and controlled processing of
information.
3.3.2. Task-difficulty homeostasis model
The task-difficulty homeostasis model (Fuller, 2007a) is the latest version of a
motivational model developed by Fuller about driving behaviour that started
as the 'task-capability interface model' (Fuller, 2000, 2005). Fuller (2005)
argues that it is not so much subjective risk estimates as proposed by Wilde
in his Risk Homeostasis Theory (1982) that influences driver behaviour, but
rather subjective estimates of task difficulty. Drivers do not like the feeling of
being out of control and subjective risk estimates are only one of the two
elements that could lead to the experience of being out of control. The other
element according to Fuller is the assessment of one's own capabilities.
Figure 3.2 depicts the complete task-difficulty homeostasis model.
82