The Future of Smallholder Farming in Eastern Africa - Uganda ...

shows that 78 percent of farmers with a college degree applied fertilizer. The comparable
figures for application of certified seed for college graduates were 83 percent.
Table 7: Crosstab Analysis for Education and Input Use
Count (%)
Education Level of the Land User
Fertilizer Usage None Primary Secondary College University
No 53
(78.8%)
116
(71.6%)
21
(55.3%)
Yes 16 46 17
(23.2%) (28.4%) (44.7%)
Pearson Chi-square 29.29192 - significance level of 0%
4
(22.2%)
14
(77.8%)
Total
- 194 (66.9%)
3
(100%)
96 (33.1%)
Certified Seed Usage None Primary Secondary College University
No 57
(82.6%)
Yes 12
(17.4%)
123
(75%)
41
(25%)
26
(68.4%)
12
(31.6%)
Pearson Chi-square 39.48855 - significance level of 0%
3
(16.7%)
15
(83.3%)
- 209
(71.6%)
3 (100%) 83
(28.4%)
Two-variable analysis showed that there were statistical variations between the two study
districts. This was further confirmed by the Chow test on seven key variables that
influence maize yield. The test yielded F-statistic of 12.56, which was significant at 1
percent level meaning that there were significant variations in data between the two
districts. It was therefore necessary to use dummy variables to capture these regional
differences (Table 8).
4.2 Econometric Models for Agricultural Productivity
The regression analysis model described in section 3.6.2, with maize yield as the
dependent variable, was run in three versions. First model or Model 1 (Table 8) had a
number of explanatory variables. These include land tenure security, parcel size, level of
environmental degradation, education, sex, slope, use of certified seed and fertilizer
application, soil type, drainage development and application of manure. These factors, in
conjunction with the dummy variables representing various sub-locations explained up to
60 percent of the variations in the maize yields. In order to come up with a reduced form
model, explanatory variables were eliminated one by one based on their levels of
significance.
Model 2 is similar to Model 1, except the exclusion of sex and drainage development. The
most preferred model, Model 3, has two other variables missing: manure and
environmental degradation. A number of other variables that could have caused
simultaneity bias were also dropped at the initial stages. Except for soil type, all the other
variables in the reduced form equation had significance level of at most, 10 percent. A