TI486 Microprocessor - Al Kossow's Bitsavers

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Interrupts and Exceptions Table 2-20. Interrupt and Exception Priorities PRIORITY DESCRIPTION NOTES 1 Debug traps and faults from previous instruction. 2 Debug traps for next instruction. 3 Non-maskable hardware interrupt. Caused by NMI asserted. Includes single-step trap and data breakpoints specified in the debug registers. Includes instruction execution breakpoints specified in the debug registers. 4 Maskable hardware interrupt. Caused by INTR asserted and IF=1. 5 Faults resulting from fetching the next instruction. 6 Faults resulting from instruction decoding. Includes segment not present, general protection fault and page fault. Includes illegal opcode, instruction too long, or privilege violation. 7 WAIT instruction and TS=1 and MP=1. Device not available exception generated. 8 ESC instruction and EM=1 or TS=1. Device not available exception generated. 9 Coprocessor error exception. Caused by ERROR asserted. Segmentation faults (for each memory reference Includes segment not present, stack fault, and general 10 required by the instruction) that prevent transferring the protection fault. entire memory operand. 11 Page faults that prevent transferring the entire memory operand. 12 <strong>Al</strong>ignment check fault. 2.5.5 Exceptions in Real Mode Many of the exceptions described in Table 2-19 are not applicable in real mode. Exceptions 10, 11 , and 14 do not occur in real mode. Other exceptions have slightly different meanings in real mode as listed in Table 2-21. Table 2-21. Exception Changes in Real Mode VECTOR NUMBER PROTECTED MODE FUNCTION READ MODE FUNCTION 8 Double fault Interrupt table limit overrun 10 InvalidTSS - 11 Segment not present - 12 Stack fault SS segment limit overrun 13 General protection fault CS, DS, ES, FS, GS segment limit overrun 14 Page fault - 2.5.6 Error Codes When operating in protected mode, the following exceptions generate a 16-bit error code: • Double fault • <strong>Al</strong>ignment check • Invalid TSS • Segment not present • Stack fault • General protection fault • Page fault 2-49
Interrupts and Exceptions Figure 2-26. Error Code Format The error code format is shown in Figure 2-26 and the error code bit definitions are listed in Table 2-22. Bits 15-3 (selector index) are not meaningful if the error code was generated as the result of a page fault. The error code is always zero for double faults and alignment check exceptions. 15 3 2 o Selector Index S2 S1 SO Table 2-22. Error Code Bit Definitions FAULT TYPE SELECTOR INDEX (BITS 15-3) S2 S1 SO (BIT 2) (BIT 1) (BIT 0) Page fault Reserved Fault caused by: Fault occurred during: Fault occurred during: O=not present page O=read access O=supervisor access 1 =page-Ievel protection 1 =write access 1 =user access violation IDTfault Index of faulty Reserved 1 If set exception occurred IDT selector while trying to invoke exception or hardware interrupt handler. Segment Index of faulty TI bit of faulty selector 0 If set exception occurred fault selector while trying to invoke exception or hardware interrupt handler. 2-50 Programming Interface
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.TEXAS INSTRUMENTS TI486 Microproce
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TI486 Microprocessor Reference Guid
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Preface Read This First About This
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About This Manual Appendix D Orderi
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Contents 1 Product Overview .......
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Contents 5.5 AC Characteristics . .
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1-1 TI486SLC/E Functional Block Dia
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Figures 4-27 SUSP Initiated Suspend
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Tables 5-3 Absolute Maximum Ratings
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Product Overview 1-1
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Chapter 1 Product Overview Features
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1.2 Differences Between the TI486SL
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Tl486SLCIE Overview Figure 1-2. TI4
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Tl486DLCIE Overview 1.4 TI486DLC/E
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TI486DLCIE Overview The TI486DLC/E
Page 32 and 33: Power Management / System Managemen
Page 34 and 35: Programming Interface 2-1
Page 36 and 37: Chapter 2 In this chapter, the inte
Page 38 and 39: Processor Initialization Table 2-1.
Page 40 and 41: Instruction Set Overview 2.2 Instru
Page 42 and 43: Register Set 2.3 Register Set There
Page 44 and 45: Register Set Pointer and Index Regi
Page 46 and 47: Register Set 2.3.1.2 Segment Regist
Page 48 and 49: Register Set 2.3.1.3 Instruction Po
Page 50 and 51: Register Set 2.3.2 System Register
Page 52 and 53: Register Set 2.3.2.1 Control Regist
Page 54 and 55: Register Set 2.3.2.2 Descriptor Tab
Page 56 and 57: Register Set Table 2-6. Segment Des
Page 58 and 59: Register Set During task switching,
Page 60 and 61: Register Set The CCRO register (Tab
Page 62 and 63: Register Set Table 2-9. TI486DLCIE
Page 64 and 65: Register Set Table 2-12. ARR 1-ARR4
Page 66 and 67: Register Set 2.3.2.6 Test Registers
Page 68 and 69: Register Set Table 2-14. TR6 and TR
Page 70 and 71: Address Spaces 2.4 Address Spaces T
Page 72 and 73: Address Spaces 2.4.2 Memory Address
Page 74 and 75: Address Spaces Figure 2-21. Real Mo
Page 76 and 77: Address Spaces Figure 2-24. Paging
Page 78 and 79: Interrupts and Exceptions 2.5 Inter
Page 80 and 81: Interrupts and Exceptions 2.5.3 Int
Page 84 and 85: System Management Mode 2.6 System M
Page 86 and 87: System Management Mode Figure 2-29.
Page 88 and 89: System Management Mode The new SMM
Page 90 and 91: System Management Mode During SMM o
Page 92 and 93: Protection The Current Privilege Le
Page 94 and 95: Virtual 8086 Mode 2.9 Virtual 8086
Page 96 and 97: TI486SLC/E Bus Interface 3-1
Page 98 and 99: Chapter 3 TI486SLC/E Bus Interface
Page 100 and 101: Overview Table 3-1. TI486SLCIE Sign
Page 102 and 103: Overview Table 3-2. Terminal Functi
Page 108 and 109: Overview 3.1.1 Bus Cycle Definition
Page 110 and 111: Overview Table 3-5 shows the state
Page 112 and 113: Functional Timing Figure 3-3. Bus A
Page 114 and 115: Functional Timing 3.2.2.1 Bus Cycle
Page 116 and 117: Functional Timing Non-Pipelined Wai
Page 118 and 119: Functional Timing Because of the de
Page 120 and 121: Functional Timing Pipelined Wait St
Page 122 and 123: Functional Timing Initiating and Ma
Page 124 and 125: Functional Timing Figure 3-12. Comp
Page 126 and 127: Functional Timing Figure 3-13. Inte
Page 128 and 129: Functional Timing Shutdown Indicati
Page 130 and 131: Functional Timing Figure 3-17. Pipe
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Functional Timing As shown in Figur
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Functional Timing Figure 3-19. Requ
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Functional Timing Figure 3-22. 8MI
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Functional Timing HALT Initiated Su
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Functional Timing 3.2.12 Float Figu
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TI486DLC/E Bus Interface 4-1
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Chapter 4 TI486DLC/E Bus Interface
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Overview Table 4-1. TI486DLCIE SIgn
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Overview Table 4-2. Terminal Functi
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Overview Table 4-6. Signal States D
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Overview 4.1.2 Power Management 4.1
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Functional Timing 4.2 Functional Ti
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Functional Timing The TI486DLC/E da
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Functional Timing Non-Pipelined Rea
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Functional Timing Initiating and Ma
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Functional Timing Figure 4-8. Faste
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Functional Timing Figure 4-9. Vario
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Functional Timing Once a pipelined
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Functional Timing 4.2.3 Bus Cycles
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Functional Timing Pipelined Cycles
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Functional Timing LOCK is activated
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Functional Timing 4.2.6 Halt and Sh
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Functional Timing Figure 4-17. Pipe
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Functional Timing Figure 4-19. Non-
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Functional Timing The TI486DLC/E sa
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Functional Timing 4.2.9 Hold Acknow
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Functional Timing 4.2.10 Coprocesso
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Functional Timing 4.2.12 Power Mana
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Functional Timing Stopping the Inpu
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Electrical Specifications 5-1
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Chapter 5 Electrical Specifications
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ElectricalConnecnons It is recommen
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Recommended Operating Conditions 5.
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DC Electrical Characteristics Table
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AC Characteristics Figure 5-2. TI48
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AC Characteristics Table 5-9. AC Ch
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AC Characteristics Table 5-11. AC C
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____ AC Characteristics 5.5.3 RESET
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Mechanical Specifications 6-1
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Chapter 6 Mechanical Specifications
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Pin Assignments Table 6-1. TI486SLC
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Pin Assignments Figure 6-3. TI486DL
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Package Dimensions 6.2 Package Dime
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Thermal Characteristics 6.3 Thermal
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Instruction Set 7-1
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Chapter 7 Instruction Set This sect
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Instruction Fields 7.2 Instruction
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Instruction Fields 7.2.5 reg Field
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Instruction Fields Table 7-7. mod r
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Instruction Fields 7.2.11 sreg3 Fie
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Clock Count Summary 7.4 Clock Count
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--- --;.J -L 01 Table 7-17. Instruc
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I . ~ -.....J Table 7-17. Instructi
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Table 7-17. Instructions, Opcodes,
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-....J N (J.) Table 7-17. Instructi
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I I i I i Table 7-17. Instructions,
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...... ...... '" Table 7-17. Instru
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-....J N co Table 7-17. Instruction
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"-.I ~ Table 7-17. Instructions, Op
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U Appendix A TI486 SMM Pro rammer's
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SMM Implementation A.2 SMM Implemen
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Figure A-1. SMM Memory Space Header
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SMM Implementation 6) NMI is the on
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Instruction Summary A.4 Instruction
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Instruction Summary A.4.3 Resume No
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Instruction Summary A.4.6 Save LDTR
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8MI Handler Example A.5 SMI Handler
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8MI Handler Example execute_halt: C
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8MI Handler Example COMMENT A The T
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8MI Handler Example arrl arr2 arr3
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.MODEL SMALL . STACK .386P INCLUDE
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Testing/Debugging SMM Code sgdt COM
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Testing/Debugging SMM Code i*******
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TI486 Power Management Features A.7
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Detection of Tl486 CPU A.9 Detectio
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Detection of SMM Capable Version A.
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A.11 SMM Feature Comparison SMM Fea
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SMM Instruction Macros COMMENT A Co
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SMM Instruction Macros SMM Instruct
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A.14 Format of Data Used by SVDC/RS
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Altering SMM Code Limits A.1S Alter
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SMM Errata A.16 SMM Errata The foll
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Appendix B TI486 Cache Flush B.1 Ge
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Appendix C TI486 BIOS Modification
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Introduction Some example assembler
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Appendix D Ordering Information 0.1
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~TEXAS INSTRUMENTS Printed in U.S.A
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TI486 Microprocessor - Al Kossow's Bitsavers

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