Historical Dictionary of Terrorism Third Edition

68 • BASQUE FATHERLAND AND LIBERTYfreed two hostages on 1 July 1997, the ETA murdered other hostages,including an Eruma city council member, kidnapped on 10 July andfound shot to death two days later, the tenth person to be murderedby the ETA in 1997.During 1998 the ETA killed six people, in contrast to the 13 killedduring 1997, but by 16 September 1998 the ETA declared a ceasefireand asked for negotiations with the Spanish government. On 29November 1999 the ETA announced it would resume armed operationson 3 December 1999. On 12 January 2000 the ETA assassinatedarmy Lieutenant Colonel Pedro Antonia Blanco García, ending thecease-fire.On 21 January 2000 the ETA carried out two car bombings inMadrid, killing an army officer and injuring bystanders. On 8 August2000 the ETA murdered a Basque businessman in Zumaga,José María Korta. On 30 October 2000 the ETA bombed and killedSupreme Court Justice José Francisco Queral Lombardero and hischauffeur, injuring 60 bystanders in the process. The bombing of apublic garden on 2 November 2000 failed to kill its intended target,Prime Minister Aznar, but injured two civilians. Then on 21 November2000, the 25th anniversary of the restoration of the monarchy, aformer health minister was assassinated in Barcelona.On 22 February 2001, a car bombing intended to target Inaki Dubreuil,a Socialist councilor of the town of Ordizia, exploded in SanSebastian, killing two electrical workers there. Then ETA gunmenassassinated Froilan Elespe, a Socialist deputy mayor of the town ofLasarte, on 21 March 2001. Also in 2001, José Javier Arizkuru Ruízwas extradited from France to Spain for his role in the 1995 assassinationplot against King Juan Carlos.The ETA has a political wing, the Basatuna (Unity) Party, alsoreferred to as either Euskal Herritarrok or Herri Batasuna, which wasallowed to work openly in Spanish politics from 1978 until 2003. In1986 this party won 32 percent of the parliamentary votes cast in thethree Basque provinces of Navarra, Guipuzcoa, and Vizcaya. In theMarch 1996 elections, which followed the unsuccessful ETA assassinationattempt against José María Aznar, the Popular Party candidateleading in the national polls, this figure dipped to 12 percent but inthe October 1998 election, which followed the ETA cease-fire on 16September 1998, it had improved to 18 percent. In the 2001 electionsin the Basque region, the ETA-affiliated Batasuna Party lost six seats