Historical Dictionary of Terrorism Third Edition

284 • IRISH REPUBLICAN ARMYThatcher and a vocal critic of Irish republican terrorists, by a bombrigged inside his car, which detonated within the underground parkinggarage of Westminster Palace. On 17 April 1979 the INLA killedfour members of the Royal Ulster Constabulary with a remote-controlbomb, the most severe blow ever inflicted on the Ulster police untilthen. The INLA then proceeded with a campaign of killing Ulsterprison guards as well as British and Ulster undercover operatives.From November 1979 until September 1986 the INLA carried outthree successful bombings and at least two other attempts. The worstof these occurred on 6 December 1982, when the INLA bombed anightclub in Ballykelly, killing 17 people (11 of them soldiers) andinjuring 66 others. From January to June 1987, the INLA reverted tointernecine fighting, killing at least 12 of its veterans before membersof other republican groups negotiated a truce among the survivingINLA members. On 27 December 1998 three INLA inmates ofthe Maze Prison murdered Loyalist Volunteer Force leader BillyWright. This prompted Ulster Protestant paramilitaries to retaliateagainst Catholics, leading in turn to the INLA assassination of UlsterDefence Association official Jim Guiney, which jeopardized thepeace process in Northern Ireland.During the IRA’s 1994 cease-fire, the INLA did not declare acease-fire but rather declared a “no-first-strike” policy. Followingthe 1998 Good Friday Agreement, the INLA declared its own ceasefireon 22 August 1998. The INLA has been responsible for killingabout 125 people during its existence, 46 of whom were membersof the British security forces, 42 civilians, two members of the Irishnational police, seven members of loyalist paramilitaries, 10 its ownmembers and six members of rival republican groups. The INLAclaims to have lost 33 of its own members in the Northern Irelandconflict. While the INLA remains a proscribed group in Great Britain,it is not listed as a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the U.S.State Department. See also GUILT TRANSFER.IRISH REPUBLICAN ARMY (IRA). The name of the IRA has beenused loosely to refer to the Irish National Liberation Army, the OfficialIrish Republican Army, the Provisional Irish Republican Army,and other Irish republican or nationalist splinter groups. In reality, thegroup known as the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) is themain body of the IRA. Historically the name was used first by James