Historical Dictionary of Terrorism Third Edition

584 • RENDITIONinvolved kidnappings, 15 percent involved assassinations, and 4percent involved bombings. The remaining 30 percent involvedarmed attacks and sabotage operations. Kidnappings generally involvedforeign nationals, such as aid and development workers, reliefworkers, and missionaries, some of whom were killed in captivity ordied of disease or malnutrition, and four of whom disappeared. Africannationals of Mozambique and neighboring lands have also been,in effect, enslaved by RENAMO for use as human porters. In August1979 RENAMO murdered five Soviet advisers and in June 1982murdered a Portuguese engineer. On 14 October 1983 RENAMOderailed a train and murdered dozens of passengers. In July 1987RENAMO carried out a massacre at Homoine, killing more than 400civilians. RENAMO also engaged in mutilation of its victims.By 1990, as the South African government gradually came to termswith the ANC, its support for RENAMO came to an end. RENAMOhad meanwhile built up a support network in Europe and elsewhereamong private individuals and groups. During 1991 negotiationsbetween RENAMO and the Mozambican government were underway and hostilities there had been partly suspended. Although theRENAMO leader, Afonso Marceta Dhlakama, and Mozambique’spresident, Joaquim Alberto Chissano, signed a cease-fire in Romein October 1992, sporadic fighting continued between RENAMOand government forces until the elections of 27–28 October 1994,in which Chissano was elected president by 53 percent of the votewhile Dhlakama won 33 percent. In the 250-seat Assembly of theRepublic, FRELIMO won 129 seats while RENAMO won 112, andthe smaller Democratic Union won nine seats. Despite a disclaimerthat RENAMO might reject the election results if it did not win, itacquiesced to become the opposition to a FRELIMO-led governmentand has since acted as a political party.RENDITION. Sending a suspect to a nation where the suspect iswanted on criminal charges or merely for investigation, whether bylegal means or extralegal. Rendition covers all forms of extradition,deportation, or return of a suspect by national authorities apart froma formal extradition procedure, as well as illegal actions such as kidnappingand transporting a suspect back to the nation seeking thatperson. In the case of the rendition of Ilich Ramírez Sánchez, alsoknown as Carlos, the Sudanese authorities agreed to allow French