Historical Dictionary of Terrorism Third Edition

WHITE SUPREMACISM • 701the demonstrators resulted in a $350,000 judgment, which the city ofGreensboro eventually paid to the plaintiffs.In 1986 Miller and three other WPA members were arrested forconspiracy to steal military explosives to bomb the Southern PovertyLaw Center of Montgomery, Alabama, an anti-Klan group that in1985 had obtained a court order restraining Miller from paramilitaryactivities. The bombing was intended to murder Morris Dees, thedirector of the Center and personal nemesis of Miller. An inquiryconducted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) revealed thatWPA members were also affiliated with the Carolina Klan and thatthree of them also were members of The Order, from which Millerhad accepted $300,000 in stolen funds. Subsequent searches of Miller’sproperty in Missouri revealed stockpiles of contraband militaryarms and explosives and Miller was imprisoned for failing to obeythe 1985 restraining order. In April 1987 Miller published a letterseeking to rally other white supremacists to resist federal authorities.This action led to his arrest in May 1987 for using the U.S. mail tocommunicate a threat, for which he was convicted and received asentence of five years’ imprisonment. In a plea deal with federal authorities,he became a state’s witness in the 1988 Fort Smith seditionand conspiracy trial against Richard Butler of the Aryan Nations andfour other white supremacist leaders, which ended in the acquittal ofall the accused. Eventually Miller was placed into the U.S. federalwitness protection program and he has since then been reviled byother white supremacists as a turncoat and traitor.While the memberships of the WPA and similar white supremacistorganizations are not known with precision due to these groups’secretive nature, the United Press International reported severalmarches staged by the WPA in North Carolina during 1984, each ofwhich involved more than 300 participants. According to Miller’sown testimony, the WPA began to fall apart just before his arrestin 1986 due to his alcoholism and the squandering of the group’sresources. After 1987 the group became defunct.WHITE SUPREMACISM. Or white supremacy, a racist ideology thatholds that Caucasians are superior to nonwhite peoples by virtue ofbiology, natural intelligence, or some ascriptive birthright. White supremacistsdiffer over whether the concept of a “white race” includesonly those descended from the Celtic, Germanic, and Nordic nations