Historical Dictionary of Terrorism Third Edition

JAMA’AT AL FUQRA • 327period. During 2006 the JEM carried out no fewer than 18 attacks,mainly upon police targets but also some targeting civilians, in which11 people were killed and 88 people injured. Three of these attacksinvolved multiple hand-grenade attacks on the same day: on 14 Aprilthere were six separate grenade attacks through Srinagar, on 22 Maythere were three grenade attacks, and on 19 July and 17 August therewere three grenade attacks at separate locations within Srinagar.During 2007 there were at least 19 clashes between JEM activistsand Indian security forces. In New Delhi on 4 February 2007, policearrested four JEM activists and seized three kilograms of the militarygradeexplosive RDX, four detonators, six hand grenades, and a timer,so apparently foiling a major bombing plot. On 26 April 2007 Indianpolice foiled an assassination plot against Jammu and Kashmir ChiefMinister Ghulam Nabi Azad during a political rally at Bandipora. DuringApril 2007 the JEM was reorganizing itself under Mufti AbdulRauf, the younger brother of Maulana Masood Azhar, after the latterwas forced into hiding due to the Counterterrorism Court indicting himfor involvement in the attempted assassination of Pakistani PresidentMusharraf by suicide bombers on 25 December 2003. On 6 December2007 A. K. Mitra, Director General of the Border Security Force,disclosed that the JEM and the Lashkar-i Tayyaba (LT) were joiningforces with the Bangladesh-based Harakat ul Jihad-e Islami (HUJI) todestabilize India through infiltration from Bangladesh.During 2008 there were at least 11 clashes with Indian securityforces. Within Pakistan, as President Musharraf was being forced toaccommodate an opposition coalition government that was formed on25 March 2008, many banned militant groups, including JEM, the Harakatul Mujahideen (HUM), and others, began to reappear in public,opening offices and holding public rallies in Islamabad and Rawalpindi.The Union Home Ministry of India, in its annual report for 2007–2008,accused the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence agency of shiftingsupport to JEM and similar groups, not only to shift militant activityfrom the western tribal areas of Pakistan to Kashmir and other stagingareas in both Nepal and Bangladesh, but also to reassert its power and tobolster its relations with the militant groups in the context of the shiftingdomestic politics of Pakistan. See also KASHMIRI SEPARATISM.JAMA’AT AL FUQRA. The Jama’at al Fuqra (Arabic, meaningGroup of the Poor) is a small Sunni Muslim sect led by a Pakistani