Historical Dictionary of Terrorism Third Edition

308 • ISLAMIC JIHADbombings killing 11 and injuring 93 others; six machine-gun attackskilling 15 and injuring 114; and six rocket or mortar attacks killingnone but injuring four. On 22 December 2001 the PIJ spokesman inLebanon, Abu Imad al Rifai, declared the PIJ would not be boundby a cease-fire recently announced by Hamas. During 2002 the PIJconducted eight suicide attacks killing 51 and injuring 183; one knifingincident at a synagogue in the West Bank killing four; and onemortar attack that neither killed nor injured anyone. During 2003 thePIJ conducted three suicide bombings, killing seven and injuring 78.Two attempted suicide attacks were prevented by Israeli security. Abombing in Netaniya killed one soldier and injured 30 passersby. Themost serious suicide bombing was that of 19 May 2003 in which afemale suicide bomber, Heba Daraghmeh, killed four and injured 48when she detonated her bomb at a checkpoint near the entrance of amajor shopping mall in the town of Afula. The PIJ also conductedtwo machine-gun attacks in 2003, injuring 10 but with no fatalities,and two rocket attacks that neither killed nor injured anyone. During2004 the PIJ attempted two suicide bombings, both of which werethwarted by Israeli security forces; one shooting that killed one andinjured another; and three rocket attacks. The most serious incidentfor which the PIJ claimed credit was the kidnapping and murder oftwo American contract workers, Dale Stoffel and Joseph Wemple,seized in Baghdad, Iraq, whom the PIJ claimed were Central IntelligenceAgency (CIA) agents.During 2005 the PIJ carried out five suicide bombings, killing 22and injuring 14, and attempted two others that were thwarted withoutharm to life or limb. The PIJ also carried out six machine-gun attacks,killing 10 and injuring 11; launched 25 rocket attacks, killingfive and injuring 25; and attempted one unsuccessful hand-grenadeattack. On 18 January 2005 the PIJ reported kidnapping a Lebaneseman working for U.S. contractors in Iraq, who was later reported tohave been released unharmed on 3 February. On 4 February 2005 thePIJ claimed credit for the kidnapping of an Italian reporter, GuilianaSgrena, who was eventually released, although it appeared that thiswas the work of another organization with ties to al Qa’eda in Iraq.During 2006 the PIJ attempted four suicide bombings and succeededin two, one on 19 January at the Shawarma Major restaurant in TelAviv killing and injuring 20 people; and again on 17 April 2006 at thesame restaurant, killing 12, including an American teenager, and in-