Historical Dictionary of Terrorism Third Edition

LASHKAR-E JHANGVI • 375rise in oil prices due to concerns about the security of supplies dependenton the BTC pipeline. On 4 October 2008 another cross-borderraid involving several hundred PKK fighters upon a Turkish militaryoutpost in the village of Aktutun left 17 Turkish soldiers dead and 23others injured, with no PKK casualties. This was the worst Turkishdefeat inflicted by the PKK since it resumed fighting in June 2004.This was a major psychological blow to the prestige and morale ofthe Turkish army, and there was public mourning throughout Turkeyfor the soldiers killed. Another PKK attack on a bus near Diyarbakircarrying police cadets killed three cadets and one civilian, leaving 22others injured. These attacks appeared to have been timed to influencethe motion scheduled for a vote on 8 October 2008 by the TurkishNational Assembly to renew the one-year mandate for the Turkisharmed forces to continue cross-border raids against PKK camps innorthern Iraq. In addition to failing to deter PKK cross-border raids,these incursions and attacks by the Turkish military have also led totensions between Ankara and Washington, as U.S. officials had beenstruggling to maintain good relations both with the Kurdish factionsto promote stability within the Iraqi government and with Turkey asan ally against Iranian designs on the region.– L –LASHKAR-E JHANGVI (LJ). The Army of Jhangvi, founded in1996 by Riaz Basra and named in honor of his mentor, Maulana HaqNawaz Jhangvi, is a Pakistani Sunni Islamic fundamentalist groupdevoted to the eradication of Shi’ites from Pakistan and the creationof a true Sunni Muslim state in Pakistan. Jhangvi, who headed theSipah-e Sahaba, was killed in a retaliatory bombing by Shi’ite militantsin 1990, while Basra died in 2002 and was succeeded by QaraAbdullah, also known as Talha. The group, whose members are veteransof the Afghan war, has ties to the Taliban and al Qa’eda andmay have cooperated with the Lashkar-e Tayyaba and the Jaish-eMuhammad groups in some operations, including the kidnappingand murder of U.S. journalist Daniel Pearl in early 2002. The group,which is estimated to have less than 300 members, is believed tohave conducted 12 operations causing 112 deaths and 230 injuries.The group has been under a ban by the Pakistani government since