Historical Dictionary of Terrorism Third Edition

242 • HAYMARKET BOMBINGbombing attacks committed in France and elsewhere during the 1980s.On 22 May 1991 Colonel Hawari was killed in an automobile accidentwhile driving from Baghdad to Amman, effectively ending the group.HAYMARKET BOMBING. On 4 May 1886, while Chicago policewere dispersing a crowd of labor protestors who had assembled atHaymarket Square to protest the death of a protestor the previousday when police broke up a strike outside the McCormick Harvesterplant, anarchist radicals in the crowd threw a bomb at the police,which exploded, killing one officer instantly and fatally woundingsix others. Eight anarchists were tried; seven of them were sentencedto death while the eighth was sentenced to 15 years’ imprisonment.On 11 November 1887 four of those condemned were hanged. anda fifth had committed suicide. The sentences of the other two werelater commuted to life imprisonment. On 26 June 1893 GovernorJohn P. Altgeld pardoned those remaining in prison after concludingthat the original trial lacked an impartial jury and judge.On 1889 a nine-foot bronze statue of a Chicago policeman waserected on Randolph Street near Halstead Street, near the site of theriot, as a tribute to the slain police. Anarchists attempted to bomb thestatue on 24 May 1890. After the statue was moved to Union Park,at Randolph Street and Ogden Avenue, it was vandalized once on 4May 1903 and later knocked over by a runaway streetcar on 4 May1928. In 1957 it was moved to the northwest corner of the bridgeover the Kennedy Expressway at Randolph Street. In October 1969and again in October 1970, the statue was bombed off its pedestal,presumably by members of the Weather Underground or theirsympathizers. Finally, it was relocated in the courtyard of the policeacademy at 1300 W. Jackson Boulevard.HEZBOLLAH. Hezbollah is the name of several groups of Islamicfundamentalist radicals, many of which are modeled after theoriginal Iranian-sponsored Hezbollah group in Lebanon but some ofwhich are unrelated to these other organizations.1. Hezbollah in Lebanon: The original Hezbollah organization wasfounded by Iran in Lebanon during the summer of 1982. This statesponsoredgroup originally pursued the revolutionary goal of exportingIran’s Islamic revolution to Lebanon and creating an exclusivelyIslamic state there. According to its 1985 manifesto, Hezbollah nowlimits its aims to expelling Western military forces and those of its