The Nordic Countries and the European Security and Defence Policy

INDEX 411Atlanticism 364banking 357cooperation between 389Denmark and 357, 383differences between 358–62, 368, 379EDA and 380–81ESDP and 362, 363, 364, 379–85, 387, 389,391EU and:battle groups 365, 381–84decision making 382joining 367, 368, 388Russia and 371Finland and 357, 362, 363, 383Germany and 362, 389–90globalization, view of 372grand target for 387immigration 360–61investments 360, 361–62, 369major powers and 390national sovereignty 387NATO and 7, 236, 356, 359, 360, 362, 364,368, 377, 378, 380, 389Nordic countries and 7, 357, 364–65, 383,386, 388–89Norway and 383peace operations and 357Poland and 389postmodernism and 367Russia and 7, 359–62, 364, 368, 369–70,371–72, 373–77, 385–91:occupation by 359, 362security:definitions 366–67EU and 367hard 365, 366, 373–77, 387policy formulation 365soft 365, 366, 387Western states and 376, 388as small states 365Sweden and 357, 362, 383terrorism and 368threats to 367–73USA and 359–60, 363, 364, 368, 373,376–77, 377–79, 387–88, 390, 391Western Europe and 388Barents Euro-Arctic Council 5fn., 306Beck, Ulrich 270Belarus 368, 377, 391Belgium 339Berlin Wall, fall of 43, 67, 69, 156Bernadotte, Folke 229Bigo, Didier 269Bildt, Carl 229Biting the Bullet 250Bjarnason, Björn 346–47Bjurner, Anders 90Blair, Tony 97Bofors Defence 177Bondevik, Kjell Magne 232, 323, 324, 326Bosnia and Herzegovina:Baltic states and 357Denmark and 44–45EU and 91, 133, 138–39, 147, 148, 163,207, 211, 219, 267, 334Iceland and 334military personnel, limitations of 218Nordic countries and 91, 163SFOR and 9, 133, 219UN and 231Bourdieu, Pierre 270Brauch, Hans Günter 269Brundtland, Gro Harlem 325Bush, President George W. 79, 97, 342:NATO and 17Cambodia 242, 248Caucasus 225, 377, 384, 387, 391CFE Treaty (Treaty on Conventional ArmedForces in Europe, 1990) 235–36:adaptation 236CFE-1A Agreement (1992) 235–36CFSP (Common Foreign and Security Policy):extension of 91funding for 214High Representative for 201, 224‘internationalistic’ activities 204morality and 204policy-making process 208reform of 92small arms and light weapons 243–44terrorism and 279chemical weapons 261–62Chernobyl power plant 264, 265China, arms embargo on 244CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States)377, 384, 386, 387, 390Civilian Headline Goal 210–11cold war:defence systems transformations 121, 125end 43legacy management 121US presence in Europe and 68conflict see wars