The Nordic Countries and the European Security and Defence Policy

426 THE NORDIC COUNTRIES AND THE ESDPTalvitie, Heikki 225Tamil Tigers 232Terma Industries 168terrorism:Baltic states and 368CFSP 279EU and 19, 21, 23, 267, 268, 278–86, 291,345Finland and 275–76Iceland and 330NATO 74Nordic countries 21, 94, 156, 273–78, 318Norway 277–78small arms and light weapons and 241Sweden 94, 145, 149, 276–77WMD and 295war on 79Thales 183track-two diplomacy 221, 222–24, 233Trägårdh, Lars 80Trans-Dniester 226Tuomioja, Erkki 202–203Turkey 331, 332, 334, 354:NATO and 13Turkmenistan 370Ukraine 368, 370, 377, 389, 391:Chernobyl 264, 265crisis in 224Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR):Chernobyl 264, 265collapse of 5fn., 7, 79, 156, 230Finland, Treaty of Friendship with (1948) 3,68, 255Kola Peninsula 234, 258Leningrad Military District 234nuclear weapons 258United Defense 177United Kingdom:defence doctrine 163–64Defence Ministry 163ESDP and 12, 56, 64, 66, 120Finland and 12Framework Agreement 176France and 56IRA and 231JSF project 179London bombings 295nuclear weapons 25, 257, 259Petersberg Tasks and 131–32St Malo process 120, 288Sweden and 12, 248United Nations:Bosnia and Herzegovina and 231Conference on the Illicit Trade in SmallArms and Light Weapons in All ItsAspects 240, 243Congo (DRC) and 133Department of Peacekeeping Operations138Development Programme 248:Trust Fund for the Reduction of SmallArms Proliferation 248EU and, crisis management cooperationwith 137–38FYROM and 73mediation and 225peacekeeping 91Programme of Action on the Illicit Trade inSmall Arms and Light Weapons 237–38,239Protocol against the Illicit Manufacturing ofand Trafficking in Firearms, Their Partsand Components and Ammunition (2001)239–40Security Council:Counter-Terrorism Committee 264reform 214Resolution 1371 133Resolution 1484 133Resolution 1540 260, 264, 291–92small arms and light weapons control 245WMD and 262, 292United States of America (USA):air marshals 294arms exports 175, 187ballistic missile defence 47, 261‘coalitions of the willing’ 159, 347foreign policy assertiveness 79, 94homeland security 295military expenditure 124, 125National Security Strategy (2002) 286, 309nuclear weapons 257–58, 259Russian foreign policy and 370Strategic Defense Initiative (Stars Wars)258–59terrorist attack on, 2001 67, 74, 121, 267,273–78unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) 183USEUCOM (US European Command) 345for relations with other countries see undernames of the countries