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;THE POPE VERSUS KINGS. 103" For the dignity <strong>and</strong> defence of God's holy Church,"" saysGregory VII. (Hihlebr<strong>and</strong>), " in the name of the omnipotentGod, Father, Son, <strong>and</strong> Holy Ghost, I depose from imperial<strong>and</strong> royal administration, Henry the king, the sonof Henry, formerly emperor, who, too boldly <strong>and</strong> rashly,has laid h<strong>and</strong>s on thy Church ; <strong>and</strong> I absolve all Christianssubject to the empire from that oath by which theywere wont to plight their faith unto true kings ; for it isright that he should be deprived of dignity who doth endeavourto diminish the majesty of the Church." Go to, therefore, most holy princes of the apostles, <strong>and</strong>w^hat I said, by interposing your authority, confirm ; that allmen may now at length underst<strong>and</strong>, if ye can bind <strong>and</strong>loose in heaven, that ye also can upon earth take away <strong>and</strong>give empires, kingdoms, <strong>and</strong> whatsoever mortals can havefor if ye can judge things belonging unto God, what is to bedeemed concerning these inferior <strong>and</strong> profane things I Andif itis your part to judge angels who govern proud princes,what becometh it you to do towards their servants ? Letkings now, <strong>and</strong> all secular princes, learn by this man'sexample what ye can do in heaven, <strong>and</strong> in what esteem yeare with God ; <strong>and</strong> let them henceforth fear to slight thecomm<strong>and</strong>s of holy Church, but put forth suddenly thisjudgment, that all men may underst<strong>and</strong>, thatnot casually,but by your means, this son of iniquity doth fall from hiskingdom.""" We therefore," says Innocent IV. in the Council ofLyons (1245), when pronouncing sentence of excommunicationupon the Emperor Frederick II.,f "having had previous<strong>and</strong> careful deliberation with our brethren <strong>and</strong> the holycouncil respecting the preceding <strong>and</strong> many other of hiswicked miscarriages, do show, denounce, <strong>and</strong> accordinglydeprive of all honour <strong>and</strong> dignity, the said prince, who hathrendered himself unworthy of empire <strong>and</strong> kingdoms, <strong>and</strong> of* Concil. Rom. vii. apiid Bin. torn. vii. p. 491. (Barrow),t Du Pin, Eccles. Hist. vol. ii. p. 400.

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