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S2PROGRESS OF ECCLESIASTICAL SUPREMACY.the hydra that was to strangle the empire !Power, whenonce it has begun to grow, enlarges <strong>its</strong> volume like therolling river, <strong>and</strong> accelerates <strong>its</strong> speed like the falling avalanche.On a sudden all things become favourable to it.At every turn, it finds, ready-made to <strong>its</strong> h<strong>and</strong>, helps tospeed it onward. Its faults, be they ever so great, neverlack apologists ; <strong>and</strong> <strong>its</strong> excellencies, however small they be,always find willing <strong>and</strong> eloquent panegyrists. Its wealthconverts enemies into friends ; the timid grow courageousin <strong>its</strong> cause ;<strong>and</strong> the indifferent <strong>and</strong> lukewarm find a hundredreasons for being active <strong>and</strong> zealous in <strong>its</strong> service.<strong>The</strong> cause of Rome was the rising cause, <strong>and</strong> thereforeit enjoyed all these advantages, <strong>and</strong> many more besides.With a dexterity <strong>and</strong> skill which have never elsewherebeen equalled, the Vatican could manufacture, out of materialsthe most heterogeneous <strong>and</strong> unpromising, props<strong>and</strong> defences of <strong>its</strong> ill-gotten supremacy. <strong>The</strong> incautiousadmission of an opponent, theexaggerated <strong>and</strong> high-flownlanguage of a eulogist, were alike accepted by Rome as formal<strong>and</strong> measured acknowledgments of her right.<strong>The</strong> hyperbolical<strong>and</strong> sycophantish terms in which a prelate suedfor protection, or a heretic implored forgiveness, were registeredas documentary proofs of the prerogatives <strong>and</strong>powers of the Roman see. <strong>The</strong> sectary was encouragedor put down, just as it suited the policy of the pontiffs; <strong>and</strong>the shield of the vanquished heretic Rome hung up as atrophy of her prowess. Monarchs were incited to quarrelwith one another : Rome stood by till the conflict wasended; <strong>and</strong> then, siding with the stronger party, she dividedthe spoils with the victor. <strong>The</strong> clergy even, who mightnaturally have been supposed to be averse to the rise ofsuch a domination, were conciliated by being taught to findtheir own dignity in that of the Roman see, <strong>and</strong> to sharewith the pontiff" dominion over the laity. By these, <strong>and</strong> anhundred other arts, which triumphantly vindicate to theRoman pontiffs an unquestionable supremacy in knavery<strong>and</strong> hypocrisy, it came to pass, that in process of time, the

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