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276 NOTES.Cocli dicant ; sa7nanquippe apud eos CcelumappeUataj^i. e. "Itis a name given by the Tyrians to Jupiter. For the Pho?iiiciansseem to call Baal a lord or ruler, whence BaaLsaman, a phraseof the same import as ifthey said, the lord of the sky, for thesky is by them called Saman.'*^ We need not be surprised atfinding a Roman mistaking Baal for Jvpiter.Pliny also confoundsthem. When speaking of Babylon he says— " Dnratadhuc ibi Jovis Belitemplum, i. e. " There remains still there atemple of Jupiter Belus.—Nat, Hist, lib, 6. cap. 26.The Phoenician Sa?nan, (he Hebrew Semin, and the GaelicSamajiy are ail so similar in sound and signification, that therecan be no doubt of their having been radically the same. Sawyin the Gaelic, signifies the Sun, and Saman is its regular diminutive.When the Celts call Beal by the name oi Sam, or SaviariyIbey only use the same eliptical mode of expression which theRomans do, when they call Apollo hilonsns^ Jupiter Olympivs^&c. It is only substiuting the epithet or attribute, instead ofthe name.In the county of Aberdeen there Is a parish named Culsalmond,hut pronounced Culsamon, This is merely a corruption of theGaelic Cill-saman, and signifies the temple of the Sun. The IndianGymnosphistce were subdivided into BrachmanncE, and Sa.manaei, the former being hereditary and the latter elective philosophers,Vide Strahonem lib. 15, The afSnity between the Braminicaland Druidical philosophy is so great, as to leave nodoubt of their having been originally the same. Samanai ismerely the Gaelic adjective Samanach (descended of, or belongingto the sun), grsecized Samanaioi, and thence latinized Sama.noi, in the same manner as Judach and Chaldach are renderedJudcEi and Chaldcci.Doctor Smith in his History of the Druids, (page 16) with hisusual Celtic furor, tears the monosyllable Beal to pieces, andetymologizes it Bea"* nil, i. e. the life of all things. No philolo-£;ist should venture to blow up a monosyllable, unless there arethe most unequivocal marks of a Crasis. Here there are none,and the import of the word both in the Hebrew and Phosniclan Ian.