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308 NOTES.secuti, ant altiores inter undas adnantes equis transmisere. Sttubat pro littore dioersa acies dcnsa armis^ virisque intercursantihus/(Bminis, in modum furiarum^ vesle feraliy crinibus dejectisfacespro'ferebant. Djuidceque circum^ preces diras suhlatis ad cceliimmanibus fundentes^ novitate aspectus perculere militem uty quasihcpreniibus memhris^ immobile corpus vulneribus prceberent,Dein cohortationibus ducis, et se ipsi stimulantes^ ne muliebre etfanaiicum agmen pavescerent^ inferunt signa, sternunt que obvi»OS, et igni sua involvunt, Prcesidium posthac impositwn victisêxcisique luci scevis superstitionibus sacri. Nam cruore captivocdolere aras, et hominum Jibris consulere Deos fas habebani.-—Annal. lib. 14. cap. 5. i. e. " Therefore he prepares to attackthe island Mona (Aoglesy), powerful in inhabitants, and a receptacleof deserters. He builds flat.bottomed ships, suited tothe shallow and uncertain channel. The infantry following thecavalry, passed ovtr that part which was fordable, but where thewater was too deep, laid hold of the horses, and by their aidiwam over. A motley army stood on the shore, thick witharms, and women running up and down among the men, withmournful garments, and loose hair, in the manner of furies, carriedtorches before them. The Druids also, with their handslifted up towards heaven, and pouring out their direful prayers,so terrified the soldiers with the novelty of the sight, that, as ifthey had been deprived of the use of their limbs, they sufferedthemselves to be wounded without resistance. But being exhortedby their general, and mutually encouraging each othernot to be terrified by a womanish and fanatic rabble, they ad^fance the standards, defeat their opponents, and involve ithemin their own fires, A guard was placed on the conquered, andthe groves, sacred to cruel superstitions, were cut down; forthey held it lawful to sacrifice captives on their altars, and toconsult the gods by human entrails."Tacitus does not here mention the temples of the Druids, buthe particularly mentions the groves, altars, and human sacrifices^The truth is, some authors mention one appendage, and othersaiiolhefj of the Druidlc worship. Cwsarj lib, Q* cap. 17, takes
NOTES. 309ao notice of the groves or altars, but particularly mentions thetemples. Multis in civitatlbm harum rerum extructos tumuloslocis consecratis conspicari licet—i. e. " In many cities, yon maysee heaps of these (warlike spoils)piled up in consecrated places."It was not likely that the temples inpendage of a grove annexed to thera.cities would have the ap.Tacitus, however, in theabove cited passage, puts the existence of the altars of the Druidsbeyond a doubt, and has thus subverted one matedal part of thePiukartcnian system.He gravely tells us (vol. 1. p. 414.) thatthese cross stones (altars) were conveniences to the chiefs to getup and s[,eak to the people.Tacitus assigns them a very differentuse; and hisopinion is not only founded on fact, but coin*cides with that of every impartial enquirer who has writtenthese monuments of antiquity.oaIf, however, Mr. Pinkarton willlake the trouble to look into Chambers' Cyclopedia^ or any topographicaldescription of Anglesey, he will find that their altars,temples, and rocking stones still remain. Tacitus gives us auaccount of what was demolished; and Mr. Pinkarton hence infersthat nothing more existed. But here, on the evidence ofTacitus, Mr. Pinkarton is evidently wrong, for the altars, thoughmentioned, are not said to have been demolished ;and if the altarswere spared, why might not the temples also ?A similar, instance occurs in the parish of Holytcood^ whichderives its name from a Druidical grove, Holywood^ or as it ispronounced by the Tulgar Haly IVld, ismerely the Gaelic AliaFeadh^ Saxonically pronounced, and signifies the holy grove.John de Hohjivood, by the Monks commonly calledSccro Bosco, also derived his name from this grove.Joannes dcIn the memoryof some persons still alive, the vestiges of the grove couldbe clearly traced.The roots of the trees are said still to remain,and the circle of stones forming the temple in the interior of thagrove is still intire. Now though this grove has been transmittedto posterity in the name of the parish, as well as in that of ifoan.nes de Sacro Bosco^ there is no tradition whatever concernixigthe temple which it contains. The grove here, like that at Anjjlesey,has fallen before the axe, or yielded to time.K rBat such
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0^ Ac^v.-^^t,VC"^^^^ -t-^^-^:n~î
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PREFACE.IliARLY imbued with a compe
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PREFACE. 5Ihtm retain stronger or f
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.ABSTRACTOP THELIFE OF JOHN TOLAND.
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^^LIFE OP TOLAND. 11have subscribed
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LIFE OF TOLAXD. 13'*fied US by liis
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LTPE OF TOLAND.Ins Apology) in as p
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 17lie had the advan
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LIFE OF TOLAND,there, uiiuo 1588; t
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 21as a second Golia
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 23'This same year,
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 25Mr. Toland's word
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Be that as itLIFE OF TOLAND. 27may,
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 29and another, for
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 31The same year, Co
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 33names of Bacchus,
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LIFE OF TOLANO. 35were not, however
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 37A bill having bee
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 39none are prevente
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 41IJtiU honesturn a
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LIFE OF TOLAND. 43liim to be a frie
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LIFE OF TOLAND.111 this treatise he
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—LIFE OF TOLAND. 47proved that Ki
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—LIFE OF TOLAND. 49any of Toland'
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THEFIRST JLETTEMiTO THERIGHT HONOUR
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OF THE DRUIDS.the antiquities of Ga
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OF THE DRUIDS. 55also in all tlie w
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OF THE DRUIDS. 57merely as being th
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or THE DRUIDS. 59tioii oil any man,
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OF THE DRUIDS. 61any other country
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OF THE DRUIDS. 63.spirit and in tru
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OF THE DRUIDS. 65having preserved i
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OF THE DRUIDS. 67cate; yet if she b
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OF THE DRUIDS. 09oitlier the one or
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;OF THE DRUIDS. 71where they are tl
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;;:OF THE DRUIDS. 73orders or degre
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OF THE DRUIDS. 75the modern Italian
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it.OF THE DRUIDS. 77Tliey made liyi
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OP THE DRUIDS. 79being oonceni'd in
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OF THE DRUIDS. 81lege of the Irish
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OF THE DRUIDS. 83O ! sanctas gentes
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OF THE DRUtDS. 85tifi'se, ^^bicli i
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this name.OF THE DRUIDS. 87The Celt
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'•'ÔF THE DRUIDS. 89others affec
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OF THE DRUIDS. 91by the Jews*, whic
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OF THE DRUIDS. f)3s^'emiine, beside
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OF THE DRUIDS. 95vince the world by
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OF THE DRUIDS. 97which, the most fa
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OF THE DRUIDS. 99of the superstitio
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OF THE DRUIDS.lOlone of the chief l
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OF THE DRUIDS. 103,stoutest man in
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'OF THE DRUIDS. 105the poetry and p
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OF THE DRUIDS. 107fables which the
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THESECOJWU LETTER,TO THERIGHT HONOU
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1OF THE DRUIDS. 11made of the first
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OF THE DRUIDS. 113doctrines and sup
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OF THE DRUIDS.11aprodigious fires o
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OF THE DRUIDS. 117monument of a nat
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OF THE DRUIDS. 119before the feast
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:OF THE DRUIDS. 121(by the way) pre
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iOF THE DRUIDS. 123.by Strabo, are
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:OF THE DRUIDS. 125(lie common name
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:OF THE DRUIDS. 127Then seeing Equa
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:OF THE DRUIDS. 129serving in the i
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OF THE DRUIDS. 131be men, transform
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;OF THE DRUIDS.I3f^the forts in que
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OF THE DRUIDS. 135ce.s) some more a
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:;OF THE DRUIDS. 137rudder in the m
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and victims were ty'd.OF THE DRUIDS
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of them.OF THE DRUIDS. 141Thus some
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:01^ THE DRUIDS. 143needs infer, th
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OF THE DRUIDS. 145Meineu'gui/r, whi
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est in allOF THE DRUIDS. 147Ireland
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Arabians, Greecs, or Romans ;OF THE
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OF THE DUtJlDS. 151chair, was thoug
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OF THE DRUIDS. 153bald, has discove
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of winter, or hiding placesOF THE D
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OF THE DRUIDS. 157of tlie lliad^, f
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OF THE DRUIDS. 159society (with who
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OP THE DRUIDS, 161says, that many o
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OF THE DRUIDS. 163cut out the form
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OF THE DRUIDS. ^ 165the inquirer. T
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168 THE HISTORYcome ill by way of o
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170 THE HISTORYI grudge telling her
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17STHE HISTORYinstance shall be tak
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174 THE HISTORYcame to Marseilles,
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176 THE HISTORYM'riters, where ther
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.178 THE HISTORYmoricaii Britain be
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180 'THE HISTORYbassadors of Rheims
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182 THE HISTORYwheras Albion was th
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184 THE HISTORYbe on the coast of S
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186 THE HISTORYthis iland," says he
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•With:188 THE HISTORYyour patienc
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190 THE HISTORYwards, who cou'd the
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1§2 THE HISTORYmakes its public ap
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i04Biitaiii/'THE HISTORYla the seco
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196 THE HISTORY,veniently for the P
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]f^8THE HISTORYI shoii'd not forget
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200 THE HISTORYor contentions: but
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202 THE HISTORYplan ill my second l
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204 THE HISTORYjiidg'd: showing it
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206 THE HISTORYles*, for which I ha
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208 THE HISTORYon the continent. An
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210 THE HISTORYof such travellers a
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212 THE HISTORYtlitioii of the inha
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1214 THE HISTORYwarm, and that no s
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216 THE HISTORYwhale; as no harbors
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,218 THE mSTORVformed a small track
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:;220 THE HISTORYlines of Horace* a
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ever cheerful,THE HISTORYand having
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224 THE HISTORYthing whereof no pri
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'126 THE HISTORYIX, To return whenc
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22^THE HISTORYSO farr abroad and to
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230 THE HISTORY ^V. What judges and
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23*2 THE HISTORYMR. JONES'S ANSWERS
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t2.34 THE HISTORYthat 3Ion was able
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;236 THE HISTORYa herald to record
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•238 THE HISTORYBardd) is also us
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•240 THE HISTORYins: on the lands
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242 THE HISTORYWales, and the third
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244 THE HISTORYsome proper names. A
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!246 THE HISTORYany such word: but
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248Alauda.Caterva.THE HISTORYMachin
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J¥OTESONTOLAND'S HISTORYOFCfje Bmi
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254 NOTES.fabulous accounts of the
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256 NOTES.pUcifi/ and social virtue
Page 262 and 263: —"258 NOTES.—no one but the pri
Page 264 and 265: 260 NOTEI«l.Note XL—Page 6S,Thei
Page 266 and 267: 262 NOTES.though there are many obs
Page 268 and 269: 264 NOTES.—It has often been obje
Page 270 and 271: 26(5 KOTES.had nihil sacraiius, i.
Page 272 and 273: 208 NOTES.In some points of inferio
Page 274 and 275: 270 NOTE.c.always regret, that a ma
Page 276 and 277: 572 KOTES.their power to consign th
Page 278 and 279: 274 NOTES.diseases. His account is
Page 280 and 281: 276 NOTES.Cocli dicant ; sa7nanquip
Page 282 and 283: 278 KOTES.Dr. Smith is, that Beal a
Page 284 and 285: ——-280 KOTES.Scotland, and sign
Page 286 and 287: 282 NOTES.Libanu5. Plin, lib, 5. ca
Page 288 and 289: 284 NOTES.iEneas, by the guidance o
Page 290 and 291: 2B6KOTE^'.brew, and Is the radix of
Page 292 and 293: —288 NOTES.of Grecian, but Celtic
Page 294 and 295: 290 NOTES.each have denonimated one
Page 296 and 297: 292 NOTES.die Umbro, as the Italian
Page 298 and 299: 294 KOTES.f. e. *' Then the father
Page 300 and 301: —^06KOTES.Celts, obelises, or ere
Page 302 and 303: ——.—29^NOTES.a Drtiid, lived
Page 304 and 305: ;300 NOTES.suam jestlniatlonem, et
Page 306 and 307: 502 KOTES.to their contemplative st
Page 308 and 309: 304 NOTES.crept into the language w
Page 310 and 311: —————306 NOTES.THE DRUIDI
Page 314 and 315: •îONOTES.is the fate of things,
Page 316 and 317: 312 NOTES.diately surrounded the mo
Page 318 and 319: 814 NOTES.of judgment. In (he word
Page 320 and 321: 316 NOTES.and, consequently, no use
Page 322 and 323: —316 NOTES.crime, more acceptable
Page 324 and 325: 320 NOTES.that cows usually take sh
Page 326 and 327: 522 N0TE5.multitiide kneeled down d
Page 328 and 329: !—324 NOTES.Ap]non accuses Closes
Page 330 and 331: 326 NOTES.county. Borlage, in his A
Page 332 and 333: 328 NOTES.(Lapkfugitivus) in the to
Page 334 and 335: 330 NOTES.so, how have we their hou
Page 336 and 337: 332 NOTES.In a similar case Mr. Pin
Page 338 and 339: —^MKOTES.when plerosque Belgas si
Page 340 and 341: 335 NOTES.very striking and olvious
Page 342 and 343: 338 NOTES.ti?e Vichatach signifies
Page 344 and 345: —540 NOTES.nis, (says he,) in Asi
Page 346 and 347: —342 NOTtS.Note LXVII.—Page 183
Page 348 and 349: ^44NOTES.signifies the Strong TVind
Page 350 and 351: I—346 NOTES.derivatlres from Bore
Page 352 and 353: a348 NOTES.abbreviated diminutive o
Page 354 and 355: 350 NOTES.and the arrival of Apollo
Page 356 and 357: 352 NOTES.Egyptians likewrse were t
Page 358 and 359: .154 NOTES.trifler may object that
Page 360 and 361: 356 NOTES*(for it is not even alleg
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368 NOTES.the Italians, who appease
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—'——S60NOTES.conicis) says,
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S62NOTES.tioned by Caesar is Lisc7i
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364 NOTES.sublime a fliglit, as to
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DISSERTATIONOn the Antiquity of the
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368 NOTES.write a foreign language,
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570 NOTES.But, in another point of
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372 NOTES*any particular language o
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374 NOTES.Gallic students^ "i^ho re
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——376 NOTES.letters, he would c
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378 NOTES.Germans. 2.We have the si
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380 NOTES.the Suioncs, (De Morlb. G
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382 ÔTEs.-very same criterion woul
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———584 NOTES.matter, that the
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NOTES.S87liginal language of Asia,
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NOTES. 389that they, (the Irish) ha
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;NOTES.3f)Swpnt of the alphabet pre
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thing would IiappenNOTES. S.93were
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NOTES. 395the assertions of Greece
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NOTES. 397Antiquity of the Irish Ma
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NOTES. 399turn aspired to universal
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NOTES. 401Druids were planted inBri
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NOTES. 403Roman powor reached tliem
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ISiiiro.NOTES, 405From the extent o
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NOTES. 407uniformly aaiîts thall t
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NOTES* 409sacrifices, because his G
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liinijNOTES. 411Sesbstris and Tanau
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.NOTES. 413Pompeius might be of ser
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NOTES. 415such a striking peculiari
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NOTES. 41-7therefore ha?e intervene
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NOTES. 419time coming a triennial r
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—NOTES. 421clearly establish (he
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jiOTES. 423longitudinein, on accoun
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—;NOTES. 42.>ers. The man who sac
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NOTES. 427ah uUeriorl Scotia usque
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KOTES. 429Albanach] and e?en in Gal
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—NOTES. 431Plots, were obliged to
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;NOTES.4*j:icat! derive Coth from M
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